GG Tauri
GG Tauri, often abbreviated as GG Tau, is a quintuple star system in the constellation Taurus. At a distance of about 450 light years (140 parsecs) away, it is located within the Taurus-Auriga Star Forming Region. The system comprises three stars orbiting each other in a hierarchical triple system, known as GG Tauri A, and another binary star system more distant from the central system, known as GG Tauri B.
Artist's impression of the disk surrounding GG Tauri A Credit: ESO/L. Calçada | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Taurus |
| GG Tauri A | |
| Right ascension | 04h 32m 30.31s |
| Declination | +17° 31′ 41.0″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.25 ± 0.03 / 14.70 ± 0.06 |
| GG Tauri Ba | |
| Right ascension | 04h 32m 30.25s |
| Declination | +17° 31′ 30.9″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 17.11 ± 0.07 |
| GG Tauri Bb | |
| Right ascension | 04h 32m 30.31s |
| Declination | +17° 31′ 29.9″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 19.94 ± 0.08 |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | K7 / M2 / M3 / M5 / M7 |
| U−B color index | +0.06 |
| B−V color index | +1.38 |
| Variable type | T Tauri |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 12.0 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 15.6 mas/yr Dec.: -21.1 mas/yr |
| Distance | 450 ly (140 pc) |
| Orbit | |
| Primary | GG Tau Aa |
| Companion | GG Tau Ab |
| Period (P) | 162+62 −15 yr |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 243 mas (34 AU) |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.28+0.05 −0.14 |
| Inclination (i) | 143° |
| Longitude of the node (Ω) | 277+2 −2° |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 2463400+1470 −5420 |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary) | 91+4 −13° |
| Details | |
| GG Tau Aa | |
| Mass | 0.78 ± 0.09 M☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.38 L☉ |
| Temperature | 3700 K |
| Age | 1.5 Myr |
| GG Tau Ab | |
| Luminosity | 0.133 + 0.067 L☉ |
| Temperature | 3300 + 3100 K |
| Age | 1.5 Myr |
| GG Tau Ba | |
| Mass | 0.12 ± 0.02 M☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.096 L☉ |
| Age | 1.5 Myr |
| GG Tauri Bb | |
| Mass | 0.04 ± 0.003 M☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.015 L☉ |
| Age | 1.5 Myr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
The system is unusual because it contains two distinct circumstellar disks: one surrounding the entirety of GG Tauri A, and another surrounding the brightest star of GG Tauri A. Its large size and close distance make it ideal to study how exoplanets form within multiple star systems.
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