Fuegian dog

The Fuegian dog, or Yahgan dog (Spanish: perro fueguino, perro yagán), is an extinct type of canid. In comparison to the domestic dog’s ancient wolf ancestry, the Fuegian dog was bred and domesticated from the South American culpeo, also known as the culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus). The culpeo itself is similar (in form and stature) to true foxes (tribe Vulpini), though it is closer, genetically, to wolves, coyotes and jackals (true canids, tribe Canini); thus it is placed in a separate genus within the South American foxes or zorros.

However, a 2023 study indicates that the Fuegian dog was a now extinct domestic dog which had arrived with humans into South America, and the Patagonian dog was a domesticated culpeo fox.

There are very few remaining museum specimens or examples of the Fuegian dog; one is at the Museo Salesiano Maggiorino Borgatello in Chile, and another is at the Fagnano Regional Museum in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.