Frances Perkins
Frances Perkins (born Fannie Coralie Perkins; April 10, 1880 – May 14, 1965) was an American workers-rights advocate who served as the fourth United States Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, the longest serving in that position. A member of the Democratic Party, Perkins was the first woman ever to serve in a presidential cabinet. As a loyal supporter of her longtime friend, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, she helped make labor issues important in the emerging New Deal coalition. She was one of two Roosevelt cabinet members to remain in office for his entire presidency (the other being Interior Secretary Harold L. Ickes).
Frances Perkins | |
|---|---|
| 4th United States Secretary of Labor | |
| In office March 4, 1933 – June 30, 1945 | |
| President | Franklin D. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman |
| Preceded by | William N. Doak |
| Succeeded by | Lewis B. Schwellenbach |
| Member of the United States Civil Service Commission | |
| In office 1945–1953 | |
| President | Harry S. Truman |
| Succeeded by | Frederick Lawton |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Fannie Coralie Perkins April 10, 1880 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Died | May 14, 1965 (aged 85) New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Paul Wilson |
| Children | 1 |
| Education | Mount Holyoke College (BS) Columbia University (MA) University of Pennsylvania |
Work institutions | |
Perkins' most important role came in developing a policy for social security in 1935. She also helped form government policy for working with labor unions, although the union leaders distrusted her. Perkins' Labor Department helped to mediate strikes by way of the United States Conciliation Service. Perkins dealt with many labor questions during World War II, when skilled labor was vital to the economy and women were moving into jobs formerly held by men.