French Fifth Republic
The Fifth Republic (French: Cinquième République) is France's current republican system of government. It was established on 4 October 1958 by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic.
French Republic | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motto: "Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité" (French) "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" | |||||||
| Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||
| Great Seal: | |||||||
| Capital and largest city | Paris 48°51.4′N 2°21.05′E | ||||||
| Official language and national language | French | ||||||
| Religion | Secular State | ||||||
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic | ||||||
| Emmanuel Macron | |||||||
| Gabriel Attal | |||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||
| Senate | |||||||
| National Assembly | |||||||
| Establishment | |||||||
| 4 October 1958 (65 years) | |||||||
| Currency | |||||||
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy (AD) | ||||||
| Calling code | +33 | ||||||
| ISO 3166 code | FR | ||||||
| Internet TLD | .fr | ||||||
| |||||||
| History of France |
|---|
| Topics |
| Timeline |
| France portal |
The Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the Fourth Republic, replacing the former parliamentary republic with a semi-presidential (or dual-executive) system that split powers between a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government. Charles de Gaulle, who was the first French president elected under the Fifth Republic in December 1958, believed in a strong head of state, which he described as embodying l'esprit de la nation ("the spirit of the nation").
The Fifth Republic is France's third-longest-lasting political regime, after the hereditary, feudal monarchy of the Ancien Régime and the parliamentary Third Republic (1870 September 4–1940 July 10). If it continues, the Fifth Republic will overtake the Third Republic as the second-longest French regime and the longest-lasting French republic on 8 August 2028.