Fexinidazole

Fexinidazole
Clinical data
Other names	Fexinidazole Winthrop; HOE 239;
License data	US DailyMed: Fexinidazole;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
ATC code	P01CA03 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-Methyl-2-{[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenoxy]methyl}-5-nitro-1H-imidazole;
CAS Number	59729-37-2;
PubChem CID	68792;
DrugBank	DB12265;
ChemSpider	62032;
UNII	306ERL82IR;
KEGG	D11252;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1631694;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00208448 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.207.619
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H13N3O3S
Molar mass	279.31 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES [O-] [N+](=O)c1cnc(n1C)COc2ccc(SC)cc2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H13N3O3S/c1-14-11(13-7-12(14)15(16)17)8-18-9-3-5-10(19-2)6-4-9/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3; Key:MIWWSGDADVMLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

Fexinidazole is a medication used to treat African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. It is effective against both first and second stage disease. Also a potential new treatment for Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, headache, and trouble sleeping. Other side effects may include QT prolongation, psychosis, and low white blood cells. It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breast feeding is safe. Fexinidazole is in the antiparasitic and the nitroimidazole family of medications. It is believed to work by turning on certain enzymes within the parasites that result in their death.

Fexinidazole was first described in 1978. It was given a positive opinion by the European Medicines Agency in 2018. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Development for sleeping sickness was funded by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative in collaboration with Sanofi. Fexinidazole was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2021.

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