Ethane
Ethane (US: /ˈɛθeɪn/ ETH-ayn, UK: /ˈiː-/ EE-) is a naturally occurring organic chemical compound with chemical formula C
2H
6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining. Its chief use is as feedstock for ethylene production.
Molecular geometry of ethane based on rotational spectroscopy. | |||
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Ethane | |||
| Systematic IUPAC name
Dicarbane (never recommended) | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 1730716 | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.741 | ||
| EC Number |
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| 212 | |||
| MeSH | Ethane | ||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1035 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| C2H6 | |||
| Molar mass | 30.070 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| Odor | Odorless | ||
| Density |
544.0 kg/m3 (liquid at -88,5 °C) | ||
| Melting point | −182.8 °C; −296.9 °F; 90.4 K | ||
| Boiling point | −88.5 °C; −127.4 °F; 184.6 K | ||
| Critical point (T, P) | 305.32 K (32.17 °C; 89.91 °F) 48.714 bars (4,871.4 kPa) | ||
| 56.8 mg L−1 | |||
| Vapor pressure | 3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C) | ||
Henry's law constant (kH) |
19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | 50 | ||
| Basicity (pKb) | −36 | ||
| Conjugate acid | Ethanium | ||
| -37.37·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
52.49 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−84 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−1561.0–−1560.4 kJ mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H220, H280 | |||
| P210, P410+P403 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | −135 °C (−211 °F; 138 K) | ||
| 472 °C (882 °F; 745 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 2.9–13% | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | inchem.org | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related alkanes |
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Related compounds |
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| Supplementary data page | |||
| Ethane (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
Related compounds may be formed by replacing a hydrogen atom with another functional group; the ethane moiety is called an ethyl group. For example, an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group yields ethanol, the alcohol in beverages.
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