Docetaxel

Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer. It may be used by itself or along with other chemotherapy medication. It is given by slow injection into a vein.

Docetaxel
Clinical data
Trade namesTaxotere, Docecad, Docefrez, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa696031
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
Routes of
administration		Intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • US: WARNINGRx-only
  • EU: Rx-only
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityNA
Protein binding>98%
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-life11 hours
ExcretionBile duct
Identifiers
  • 1,7β,10β-trihydroxy-9-oxo-5β,20-epoxytax-11-ene-2α,4,13α-triyl 4-acetate 2-benzoate 13-{(2R,3S)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate}
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.129.246
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC43H53NO14
Molar mass807.890 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(OC(C)(C)C)N[C@@H](c1ccccc1)[C@@H](O)C(=O)O[C@@H]4C(=C3/[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@]6([C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)c2ccccc2)[C@@](O)(C3(C)C)C4)[C@@]5(OC(=O)C)[C@H](OC5)C[C@@H]6O)C)/C
  • InChI=1S/C43H53NO14/c1-22-26(55-37(51)32(48)30(24-15-11-9-12-16-24)44-38(52)58-39(3,4)5)20-43(53)35(56-36(50)25-17-13-10-14-18-25)33-41(8,34(49)31(47)29(22)40(43,6)7)27(46)19-28-42(33,21-54-28)57-23(2)45/h9-18,26-28,30-33,35,46-48,53H,19-21H2,1-8H3,(H,44,52)/t26-,27-,28+,30-,31+,32+,33-,35-,41+,42-,43+/m0/s1 N
  • Key:ZDZOTLJHXYCWBA-VCVYQWHSSA-N N
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Common side effects include hair loss, cytopenia (low blood cell counts), numbness, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pains. Other severe side effects include allergic reactions and future cancers. Docetaxel induced pneumotoxicity is also a well recognized adverse effect which has to be identified timely and treated after withholding the drug. Side effects are more common in people with liver problems. Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. Docetaxel is in the taxane family of medications. It works by disrupting the normal function of microtubules and thereby stopping cell division.

Docetaxel was patented in 1986 and approved for medical use in 1995. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Docetaxel is available as a generic medication.

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