Demographics of China
China is the second most populous country in Asia as well as the second most populous country in the world, with a population of 1.409 billion.
| Demographics of China | |
|---|---|
Population pyramid of China in November 2020 | |
| Population | 1,409,670,000 (2023 est.) |
| Growth rate | −0.15% (2023 est.) (159th) |
| Birth rate | 6.39 births per 1,000 (2023 est.) |
| Death rate | 7.87 deaths per 1,000 (2023 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 78.6 years (2022) |
| • male | 76.0 years (2022) |
| • female | 81.3 years (2022) |
| Fertility rate | 1.00 children per woman (2023 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | 6.76 deaths per 1000 live births (2022) |
| Age structure | |
| 0–14 years | 16.48% (male 124,166,174/female 108,729,429) |
| 15–64 years | 69.4% (male 504,637,819/female 476,146,909) |
| 65 and over | 14.11% (male 92,426,805/female 107,035,710) (2023 est.) |
| Sex ratio | |
| At birth | 1.11 male to female (2020 est.) |
| 65 and over | 0.90 male to female (2020 est.) |
| Nationality | |
| Nationality | noun: Chinese adjective: Chinese |
| Major ethnic | Han Chinese |
| Minor ethnic | Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uyghurs, Yi, Tujia, Mongols, Tibetan, Bouyei, Dong, Yao, Korean, Bai, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai, She, Lisu, Gelao, Lahu, Dongxiang, Va, Sui, Nakhi, Qiang, Tu, Xibe, Mulao, Kyrgyz, Daur, Jingpo, Salar, Blang, Maonan, Tajik, Pumi, Achang, Nu, Ewenki, Gin, Jino, De'ang, Uzbeks, Russian, Yugur, Bonan, Monba, Oroqen, Derung, Tatars, Hezhen, Lhoba |
| Language | |
| Official | Standard Chinese |
| Spoken | Various; See Languages of China |
China has an enormous population with a relatively small youth component, partially a result of China's one-child policy that was implemented from 1979 until 2015. As of 2022, Chinese state media reported the country's total fertility rate to be 1.09.
China was the world's most populous country from at least 1950 until being surpassed by India in 2023.
In 2023, China's population stood at 1.409 billion. According to the 2020 census, 91.11% of the population was Han Chinese, and 8.89% were minorities. China's population growth rate is only 0.03%, ranking 159th in the world. China conducted its sixth national population census in 2010, and its seventh census was completed in late 2020, with data released in May 2021.