Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula C6H12. Cyclohexane is non-polar. Cyclohexane is a colourless, flammable liquid with a distinctive detergent-like odor, reminiscent of cleaning products (in which it is sometimes used). Cyclohexane is mainly used for the industrial production of adipic acid and caprolactam, which are precursors to nylon.
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Cyclohexane | |||
| Other names
Hexanaphthene (archaic) | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 3DMet | |||
| 1900225 | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| DrugBank | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.461 | ||
| 1662 | |||
| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1145 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| C6H12 | |||
| Molar mass | 84.162 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colourless liquid | ||
| Odor | Sweet, gasoline-like | ||
| Density | 0.7739 g/ml (liquid); 0.996 g/ml (solid) | ||
| Melting point | 6.47 °C (43.65 °F; 279.62 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 80.74 °C (177.33 °F; 353.89 K) | ||
| Immiscible | |||
| Solubility | Soluble in ether, alcohol, acetone | ||
| Vapor pressure | 78 mmHg (20 °C) | ||
| −68.13·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.42662 | ||
| Viscosity | 1.02 cP at 17 °C | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H225, H304, H315, H336 | |||
| P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P321, P331, P332+P313, P362, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K) | ||
| 245 °C (473 °F; 518 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 1.3–8% | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
12705 mg/kg (rat, oral) 813 mg/kg (mouse, oral) | ||
LCLo (lowest published) |
17,142 ppm (mouse, 2 h) 26,600 ppm (rabbit, 1 h) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
1300 ppm | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−156 kJ/mol | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−3920 kJ/mol | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related cycloalkanes |
Cyclopentane Cycloheptane | ||
Related compounds |
Cyclohexene Benzene | ||
| Supplementary data page | |||
| Cyclohexane (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
Cyclohexyl (C6H11) is the alkyl substituent of cyclohexane and is abbreviated Cy.
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