Constitution of Iran
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Qanun-e Asasi-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Iran) is the supreme law of Iran. It was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979, and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1906. It has been amended once, on 28 July 1989. The constitution was originally made up of 175 articles in twelve chapters, but amended in 1989 to 177 articles in fourteen chapters.
| Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Jurisdiction | Islamic Republic of Iran |
| Created | 24 October 1979 |
| Ratified | 3 December 1979 |
| Date effective | 3 December 1979 |
| Government structure | |
| Branches | 3 |
| Head of state | Supreme Leader |
| Chambers | Islamic Consultative Assembly Guardian Council |
| Executive | President led Government Prime Minister (defunct) |
| Judiciary | Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran Supreme Court of Iran |
| History | |
| First legislature | 14 March 1980 |
| First executive | 5 February 1980 |
| Amendments | 1 |
| Last amended | 28 July 1989 |
| Location | Tehran |
| Author(s) | Assembly of Experts for Constitution |
| Signatories | Constitutional referendum by the citizens of Iran |
| Supersedes | Persian Constitution of 1906 |
It has been called a "hybrid" of "theocratic and democratic elements". Articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God; but article Six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament." However, main democratic procedures and rights are subordinate to the Guardian Council and the Supreme Leader, whose powers are spelled out in Chapter Eight (Articles 107–112).