Conotoxin
A conotoxin is one of a group of neurotoxic peptides isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail, genus Conus.
| Alpha conotoxin precursor | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α-Conotoxin PnIB from C. pennaceus, disulfide bonds shown in yellow. From the University of Michigan's Orientations of Proteins in Membranes database, PDB: 1AKG. | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Toxin_8 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF07365 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR009958 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC60004 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1mii / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 148 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1akg | ||||||||
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| Omega conotoxin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of ω-conotoxin MVIIA (ziconotide). Disulfide bonds are shown in gold. From PDB: 1DW5. | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Conotoxin | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF02950 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR004214 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 2cco / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 112 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1fyg | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Conotoxins, which are peptides consisting of 10 to 30 amino acid residues, typically have one or more disulfide bonds. Conotoxins have a variety of mechanisms of actions, most of which have not been determined. However, it appears that many of these peptides modulate the activity of ion channels. Over the last few decades conotoxins have been the subject of pharmacological interest.
The LD50 of conotoxin ranges from 5-25 μg/kg.
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