Common periwinkle

The common periwinkle or winkle (Littorina littorea) is a species of small edible whelk or sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc that has gills and an operculum, and is classified within the family Littorinidae, the periwinkles.

This article is about the mollusc. For the flowering plant, see Vinca minor.

Common periwinkle
Periwinkle emerging from its shell, Sweden
L. littorea on the edge of a small sandy beach in Woods Hole, Massachusetts
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Family: Littorinidae
Genus: Littorina
Species:
L. littorea
Binomial name
Littorina littorea
Synonyms
  • Littorina armoricana Locard, 1886
  • Littorina bartonensis Brown, 1843
  • Littorina communis Brown, 1843
  • Littorina litorea (Turton, 1819)
  • Littorina litorea var. brevicula Jeffreys, 1865
  • Littorina litorea var. paupercula Jeffreys, 1865
  • Littorina litorea var. sinistrorsa Jeffreys, 1865
  • Littorina litorea var. turrita Jeffreys, 1865
  • Littorina littorea f. intermedia Brøgger, 1901
  • Littorina littorea var. angulata Harmer, 1920
  • Littorina littorea var. antiqua Wood, 1848
  • Littorina littorea var. balteata Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1912
  • Littorina littorea var. complanata Harmer, 1920
  • Littorina littorea var. conica Harmer, 1920
  • Littorina littorea var. deformis Wood, 1848
  • Littorina littorea var. delphinula Wood, 1848
  • Littorina littorea var. distorta Harmer, 1920
  • Littorina littorea var. elegans Wood, 1848
  • Littorina littorea var. fuscofasciatus Middendorff, 1849
  • Littorina littorea var. major Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1913
  • Littorina littorea var. miniata Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1900
  • Littorina littorea var. pallida Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1900
  • Littorina littorea var. pallidefasciatus Middendorff, 1849
  • Littorina littorea var. parva Harmer, 1920
  • Littorina littorea var. picta Wood, 1848
  • Littorina littorea var. pyramidata Wood, 1848
  • Littorina littorea var. sanguinea Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1906
  • Littorina littorea var. truncata Harmer, 1920
  • Littorina littorea var. unicarinata Raeymaekers, 1889
  • Littorina parva Teilman-Friis, 1898
  • Littorina rudis var. aurantia Dautzenberg & P. Fischer, 1925
  • Littorina rudis var. reevei Harmer, 1921
  • Littorina sphaeroidalis Locard, 1886
  • Littorina vulgaris J. Sowerby, 1832
  • Turbo bicarinatus Woodward, 1833
  • Turbo carinatus Woodward, 1833
  • Turbo elongatus Woodward, 1833
  • Turbo litoreus Turton, 1819
  • Turbo littoreus Linnaeus, 1758 (basionym)
  • Turbo sulcatus Woodward, 1833
  • Turbo ustulatus Lamarck, 1822
  • Turbo ventricosus Woodward, 1833

This is a robust intertidal species with a dark and sometimes banded shell. It is native to the rocky shores of the northeastern, and introduced to the northwestern, Atlantic Ocean.

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