Coalition Provisional Authority
The Coalition Provisional Authority (Arabic: سلطة الائتلاف المؤقتة, romanized: Sultat Alaitilaf Almuaqata; Kurdish: دەسەڵاتی کاتی هاوپەیمانی, romanized: Desteya Demkî ya Hevbendiyê, abbr. CPA) was a transitional government of Iraq established following the invasion of the country on 19 March 2003 by U.S.-led Coalition forces. The invasion marked the fall of Ba'athist regime led by Saddam Hussein.
Republic of Iraq (2003–2004) جمهورية العراق Jumhūriyyat al-ʽIrāq | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003–2004 | |||||||||
| Motto: "Security, Liberty, Equality, Justice" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Mawtini (de facto) (English: "My Homeland") "The Star-Spangled Banner" (de jure) | |||||||||
The CPA exercised its influence over Iraq. | |||||||||
| Status | Transitional government under United States military occupation | ||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Baghdad | ||||||||
| Common languages | Arabic Kurdish English (de facto) | ||||||||
| Government | Transitional government | ||||||||
| President of the United States | |||||||||
• 2003–2004 | George W. Bush | ||||||||
| Administrator | |||||||||
• 2003 | Jay Garner | ||||||||
• 2003–2004 | Paul Bremer | ||||||||
| Legislature | Iraqi Governing Council | ||||||||
| Historical era | Iraq War | ||||||||
| 21 April 2003 | |||||||||
• CPA established | 16 May 2003 | ||||||||
| 23 October 2003 | |||||||||
| 28 June 2004 | |||||||||
| Currency | Iraqi dinar United States dollar (USD) | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | IQ | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Iraq | ||||||||
Seal of the CPA | |
| Abbreviation | CPA |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | Revolutionary Command Council of Ba'athist Iraq |
| Successor | Iraqi Interim Government of Iraq |
| Formation | 16 May 2003 |
| Type | Provisional authority |
| Purpose | Deliberative assembly deliberative democracy |
| Headquarters | Baghdad |
| Location | |
Official language | Arabic English |
Administrator | Jay Garner Paul Bremer |
Deputy Administrator | Richard Jones |
Citing United Nations Security Council Resolution 1483 (2003) and the laws of war, the CPA was established in May 2003 and vested itself with executive, legislative, and judiciary authority over the Iraqi government from the period of the CPA's inception on 21 April 2003 until its dissolution on 28 June 2004.
The CPA was admonished for its mismanagement of funds allocated to the reconstruction of post-invasion Iraq, with over $8 billion of these unaccounted for, including over $1.6 billion in cash that emerged in a basement in Lebanon.