Clomethiazole

Clomethiazole
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Routes of; administration	Oral
ATC code	N05CM02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances); UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	3.6–5 hours
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 5-(2-Chloroethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
CAS Number	533-45-9 ;
PubChem CID	10783;
ChemSpider	10327 ;
UNII	0C5DBZ19HV;
KEGG	D07330 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL315795 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6022842 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.788
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C6H8ClNS
Molar mass	161.65 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES ClCCC1=C(C)N=CS1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H8ClNS/c1-5-6(2-3-7)9-4-8-5/h4H,2-3H2,1H3 ; Key:PCLITLDOTJTVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Clomethiazole (also called chlormethiazole) is a sedative and hypnotic originally developed by Hoffmann-La Roche in the 1930s. The drug is used in treating and preventing symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal.

It is structurally related to thiamine (vitamin B₁), but acts like a sedative, hypnotic, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant, having the same mechanism of action as traditional barbiturates. It is also rarely used for the management of agitation, restlessness, short-term insomnia and Parkinson's disease in the elderly, when all other treatment options have failed. In the UK, it is sold under the brand Heminevrin (AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals). Other brand names include Nevrin in Romania, Distraneurin in Germany and Distraneurine in Spain. The drug is marketed either as a free base in an oily solution containing 192 mg in capsule form, or as clomethiazole edisylate syrup. Due to its high toxicity compared to similar drugs it is not recommended as a first-line treatment for any indication and is particularly dangerous to patients with an elevated risk for drug abuse such as those with a personal or familial history of addiction.

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