Clobazam

Clobazam
Clinical data
Trade names	Frisium, Urbanol, Onfi, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a612008
License data	EU EMA: by INN; US DailyMed: Clobazam; US FDA: Clobazam;
Pregnancy; category	AU: C;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
Drug class	Benzodiazepine
ATC code	N05BA09 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs); CA: Schedule IV; DE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses); NZ: Class C; UK: Class C; US: WARNINGSchedule IV; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	87% (oral)
Protein binding	80–90%
Metabolism	Liver
Metabolites	N-desmethylclobazam; 4′-hydroxyclobazam; ;
Onset of action	0.5–4 hours
Elimination half-life	clobazam: 36–42 hours; N-desmethylclobazam: 59–82 hours; ;
Excretion	Kidney (82%); Feces (11%); ;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 7-chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dione;
CAS Number	22316-47-8 ;
PubChem CID	2789;
IUPHAR/BPS	7149;
DrugBank	DB00349 ;
ChemSpider	2687 ;
UNII	2MRO291B4U;
KEGG	D01253 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:31413 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL70418 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2046759 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.040.810
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H13ClN2O2
Molar mass	300.74 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES ClC1=CC(N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C(CC(N3C)=O)=O)=C3C=C1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H13ClN2O2/c1-18-13-8-7-11(17)9-14(13)19(16(21)10-15(18)20)12-5-3-2-4-6-12/h2-9H,10H2,1H3 ; Key:CXOXHMZGEKVPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Clobazam, sold under the brand names Frisium, Onfi and others, is a benzodiazepine class medication that was patented in 1968. Clobazam was first synthesized in 1966 and first published in 1969. Clobazam was originally marketed as an anxioselective anxiolytic since 1970, and an anticonvulsant since 1984. The primary drug-development goal was to provide greater anxiolytic, anti-obsessive efficacy with fewer benzodiazepine-related side effects.

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