Cisplatin
Cisplatin is a chemical compound with formula cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]. It is a coordination complex of platinum that is used as a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers. These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, brain tumors and neuroblastoma. It is given by injection into a vein.
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| Trade names | Platinol, others | ||
| Other names | Cisplatinum, platamin, neoplatin, cismaplat, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) | ||
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph | ||
| MedlinePlus | a684036 | ||
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous | ||
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| Bioavailability | 100% (IV) | ||
| Protein binding | > 95% | ||
| Elimination half-life | 30–100 hours | ||
| Excretion | Renal | ||
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.036.106 | ||
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| Formula | [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] | ||
| Molar mass | 300.05 g·mol−1 | ||
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Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, hearing problems including severe hearing loss, kidney damage, and vomiting. Other serious side effects include numbness, trouble walking, allergic reactions, electrolyte problems, and heart disease. Use during pregnancy can cause harm to the developing fetus. Cisplatin is in the platinum-based antineoplastic family of medications. It works in part by binding to DNA and inhibiting its replication.
Cisplatin was discovered in 1845 and licensed for medical use in 1978 and 1979. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.