Green sulfur bacteria

The green sulfur bacteria are a phylum, Chlorobiota, of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria that metabolize sulfur.

Green sulfur bacteria
Green sulfur bacteria in a Winogradsky column
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
(unranked): Bacteroidota–Chlorobiota group
Phylum: Chlorobiota
Iino et al. 2021
Class: "Chlorobia"
Garrity and Holt 2001
Order: Chlorobiales
Gibbons and Murray 1978 (Approved Lists 1980)
Families and Genera
Synonyms
  • Chlorobiota:
    • Chlorobi Iino et al. 2010
    • "Chlorobi" Garrity and Holt 2001
    • "Chlorobaeota" Oren et al. 2015
    • "Chlorobiota" Whitman et al. 2018
  • Chlorobiota:
    • "Chlorobia" Whitman et al. 2018
    • Chlorobea Cavalier-Smith 2002
    • "Chlorobiia" Cavalier-Smith 2020
  • Chlorobiales:
    • "Chlorobiales" Garrity and Holt 2001

Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except Chloroherpeton thalassium, which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthesis. They live in anaerobic aquatic environments. In contrast to plants, green sulfur bacteria mainly use sulfide ions as electron donors. They are autotrophs that utilize the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle to perform carbon fixation. They are also mixotrophs and reduce nitrogen.

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