Chlorine trifluoride
Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula ClF3. This colorless, poisonous, corrosive, and extremely reactive gas condenses to a pale-greenish yellow liquid, the form in which it is most often sold (pressurized at room temperature). Despite being famous for its extreme oxidation properties and igniting many things, chlorine trifluoride is not combustible itself. The compound is primarily of interest in plasmaless cleaning and etching operations in the semiconductor industry, in nuclear reactor fuel processing, historically as a component in rocket fuels, and various other industrial operations owing to its corrosive nature.
|
| |||
| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Systematic IUPAC name
Trifluoro-λ3-chlorane (substitutive) | |||
| Other names
Chlorotrifluoride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
|||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.301 | ||
| EC Number |
| ||
| 1439 | |||
| MeSH | chlorine+trifluoride | ||
PubChem CID |
|||
| RTECS number |
| ||
| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1749 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|||
| |||
| |||
| Properties | |||
| ClF3 | |||
| Molar mass | 92.45 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas or greenish-yellow liquid | ||
| Odor | Sweet, pungent, irritating, suffocating | ||
| Density | 3.779 g/L | ||
| Melting point | −76.34 °C (−105.41 °F; 196.81 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 11.75 °C (53.15 °F; 284.90 K) (decomposes at 180 °C (356 °F; 453 K)) | ||
| Reacts with water | |||
| Solubility | Soluble in carbon tetrachloride but explosive in high concentrations. Reacts with hydrogen-containing compounds e.g. hydrogen, methane, benzene, ether, ammonia. | ||
| Vapor pressure | 175 kPa | ||
| −26.5×10−6 cm3/mol | |||
| Viscosity | 91.82 μPa s | ||
| Structure | |||
| T-shaped molecular geometry | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
63.9 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
281.6 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−163.2 kJ mol−1 | ||
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−123.0 kJ mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards |
Very toxic, very corrosive, powerful oxidizer, violent hydrolysis | ||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | noncombustible | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LC50 (median concentration) |
95 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 178 ppm (mouse, 1 hr) 230 ppm (monkey, 1 hr) 299 ppm (rat, 1 hr) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
C 0.1 ppm (0.4 mg/m3) | ||
REL (Recommended) |
C 0.1 ppm (0.4 mg/m3) | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
20 ppm | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | |||
| Related compounds | |||
Related compounds |
Chlorine pentafluoride Chlorine monofluoride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.