Chlorine dioxide
Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2 that exists as yellowish-green gas above 11 °C, a reddish-brown liquid between 11 °C and −59 °C, and as bright orange crystals below −59 °C. It is usually handled as an aqueous solution. It is commonly used as a bleach. More recent developments have extended its applications in food processing and as a disinfectant.
|
| |||
| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Chlorine dioxide | |||
| Other names
Chlorine(IV) oxide | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
|||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.135 | ||
| EC Number |
| ||
| 1265 | |||
| MeSH | Chlorine+dioxide | ||
PubChem CID |
|||
| RTECS number |
| ||
| UNII | |||
| UN number | 9191 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|||
| |||
| |||
| Properties | |||
| ClO2 | |||
| Molar mass | 67.45 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Yellow to reddish gas | ||
| Odor | Acrid | ||
| Density | 2.757 g dm−3 | ||
| Melting point | −59 °C (−74 °F; 214 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 11 °C (52 °F; 284 K) | ||
| 8 g/L at 20 °C | |||
| Solubility | Soluble in alkaline solutions and sulfuric acid | ||
| Vapor pressure | >1 atm | ||
Henry's law constant (kH) |
4.01×10−2 atm m3 mol−1 | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.0(5) | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
257.22 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
104.60 kJ/mol | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards |
Highly toxic, corrosive, unstable, powerful oxidizer | ||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H271, H300+H310+H330, H314, H372 | |||
| P210, P220, P260, P264, P271, P280, P283, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P306+P360, P371+P380+P375, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
94 mg/kg (oral, rat) | ||
LCLo (lowest published) |
260 ppm (rat, 2 hr) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) ST 0.3 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
5 ppm | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | Safety Data Sheet Archive. | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.