Neprilysin

MME
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1DMT, 1R1H, 1R1I, 1R1J, 1Y8J, 2QPJ, 2YB9, 4CTH, 5JMY
Identifiers
Aliases	MME, CALLA, CD10, NEP, SFE, membrane metallo-endopeptidase, membrane metalloendopeptidase, CMT2T, SCA43
External IDs	OMIM: 120520 MGI: 97004 HomoloGene: 5275 GeneCards: MME
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	155,183,704 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)
End	63,293,451 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	jejunal mucosa; ; glomerulus; ; metanephric glomerulus; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; duodenum; ; kidney tubule; ; kidney; ; sural nerve; ; blood; ; olfactory bulb;
	Top expressed in
	molar; ; prostate; ; external carotid artery; ; calvaria; ; vas deferens; ; duodenum; ; jejunum; ; utricle; ; brown adipose tissue; ; parotid gland;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; zinc ion binding; exopeptidase activity; hydrolase activity; endopeptidase activity; metal ion binding; peptidase activity; peptide binding; metalloendopeptidase activity; metallopeptidase activity; phosphatidylserine binding; protein homodimerization activity; oligopeptidase activity; cardiolipin binding;
Cellular component	brush border; focal adhesion; integral component of plasma membrane; cytoplasm; membrane; extracellular exosome; integral component of membrane; synaptic vesicle; plasma membrane; synapse; axon; dendrite; neuron projection terminus; secretory granule membrane; early endosome; trans-Golgi network; cell surface; cytoplasmic vesicle; neuronal cell body; membrane raft; presynapse;
Biological process	angiotensin maturation; cellular response to UV-B; cellular response to cytokine stimulus; kidney development; replicative senescence; cellular response to UV-A; creatinine metabolic process; peptide metabolic process; amyloid-beta metabolic process; proteolysis; sensory perception of pain; neutrophil degranulation; placenta development; human ageing; learning or memory; lung development; positive regulation of neurogenesis; neuropeptide processing; amyloid-beta clearance; amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process; positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4311
	17380
	ENSG00000196549
	ENSMUSG00000027820
	P08473; Q3KQS6
	Q61391
NM_000902; NM_007287; NM_007288; NM_007289; NM_001354642;
	NM_001354643; NM_001354644
	NM_008604; NM_001289462; NM_001289463; NM_001357335
NP_000893; NP_009218; NP_009219; NP_009220; NP_001341571;
	NP_001341572; NP_001341573
	NP_001276391; NP_001276392; NP_032630; NP_001344264
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Neprilysin (/ˌnɛprɪˈlaɪsɪn/), also known as membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME), neutral endopeptidase (NEP), cluster of differentiation 10 (CD10), and common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MME gene. Neprilysin is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones including glucagon, enkephalins, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin. It also degrades the amyloid beta peptide whose abnormal folding and aggregation in neural tissue has been implicated as a cause of Alzheimer's disease. Synthesized as a membrane-bound protein, the neprilysin ectodomain is released into the extracellular domain after it has been transported from the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface.

Neprilysin is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and is particularly abundant in kidney. It is also a common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen that is an important cell surface marker in the diagnosis of human acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). This protein is present on leukemic cells of pre-B phenotype, which represent 85% of cases of ALL.

Hematopoietic progenitors expressing CD10 are considered "common lymphoid progenitors", which means they can differentiate into T, B or natural killer cells. CD10 is of use in hematological diagnosis since it is expressed by early B, pro-B and pre-B lymphocytes, and by lymph node germinal centers. Hematologic diseases in which it is positive include ALL, angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (90%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (variable), follicular center cells (70%), hairy cell leukemia (10%), and myeloma (some). It tends to be negative in acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, and marginal zone lymphoma. CD10 is found on non-T ALL cells, which derive from pre-B lymphocytes, and in germinal center-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma such as Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, but not on leukemia cells or lymphomas, which originate in more mature B cells.

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