Bicarbonate

In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO−
3.

For baking soda, see sodium bicarbonate. For the programming principle, see Tim Toady Bicarbonate.
Not to be confused with Dicarbonate.
"Hydrogen carbonate" redirects here. For the oxoacid, see carbonic acid.
"Hydrocarbonate" redirects here. For the gas, see water gas.
Bicarbonate
Names
IUPAC name
Hydrogen carbonate
Systematic IUPAC name
Hydroxidodioxidocarbonate(1−)
Other names
  • Hydrogencarbonate
  • Hydrocarbonate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
3DMet
3903504
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
49249
KEGG
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CH2O3/c2-1(3)4/h(H2,2,3,4)/p-1 Y
    Key: BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y
  • OC([O-])=O
Properties
HCO−
3
Molar mass 61.0168 g mol−1
log P −0.82
Acidity (pKa) 10.3
Basicity (pKb) 7.7
Conjugate acid Carbonic acid
Conjugate base Carbonate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Bicarbonate serves a crucial biochemical role in the physiological pH buffering system.

The term "bicarbonate" was coined in 1814 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. The name lives on as a trivial name.

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