Batrachotoxin

Batrachotoxin (BTX) is an extremely potent cardio- and neurotoxic steroidal alkaloid found in certain species of beetles, birds, and frogs. The name is from the Greek word βάτραχος, bátrachos, 'frog'. Structurally-related chemical compounds are often referred to collectively as batrachotoxins. In certain frogs, this alkaloid is present mostly on the skin. Such frogs are among those used for poisoning darts. Batrachotoxin binds to and irreversibly opens the sodium channels of nerve cells and prevents them from closing, resulting in paralysis and death. No antidote is known.

Batrachotoxin

Skeletal formula of batrachotoxin

Stick model of batrachotoxin based on the crystal structure of batrachotoxinin A O-p-bromobenzoate

Ball-and-stick model of batrachotoxin, as above
Names
Other names
3α,9α-epoxy-14β,18-(2′-oxyethyl-N-methylamino)-5β-pregna-7,16-diene-3β,11α,20α-triol 20α-2,4-dimethylpyrrole-3-carboxylate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C31H42N2O6/c1-18-16-32-19(2)25(18)26(35)38-20(3)22-8-9-30-23-7-6-21-14-29(36)11-10-27(21,4)31(23,39-29)24(34)15-28(22,30)17-33(5)12-13-37-30/h7-8,16,20-21,24,32,34,36H,6,9-15,17H2,1-5H3/t20-,21+,24+,27-,28-,29+,30-,31-/m0/s1 Y
    Key: ISNYUQWBWALXEY-OMIQOYQYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/C31H42N2O6/c1-18-16-32-19(2)25(18)26(35)38-20(3)22-8-9-30-23-7-6-21-14-29(36)11-10-27(21,4)31(23,39-29)24(34)15-28(22,30)17-33(5)12-13-37-30/h7-8,16,20-21,24,32,34,36H,6,9-15,17H2,1-5H3/t20-,21+,24+,27-,28-,29+,30-,31-/m0/s1
    Key: ISNYUQWBWALXEY-OMIQOYQYBY
  • Cc1c[nH]c(C)c1C(=O)O[C@@H](C)C1=CC[C@@]23OCCN(C)C[C@@]12C[C@@H](O)[C@]12O[C@]4(O)CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H](CC=C23)C4
Properties
C31H42N2O6
Molar mass 538.685 g·mol−1
Density 1.304 g/mL
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Highly toxic
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2 μg/kg
(mouse, sub-cutaneous)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references
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