Barium chloride

Barium chloride
Names
	Other names Barium dichloride; Barium muriate; Muryate of Barytes; Neutral barium chloride;
Identifiers
CAS Number	10361-37-2 ; 10326-27-9 (dihydrate) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23540 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.704
EC Number	233-788-1;
PubChem CID	25204;
RTECS number	CQ8750000 (anhydrous); CQ8751000 (dihydrate);
UNII	0VK51DA1T2 ; EL5GJ3U77E (dihydrate) ;
UN number	1564
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7044508 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Ba.2ClH/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/Ba.2ClH/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-NUQVWONBAL;
	SMILES [Ba+2].[Cl-].[Cl-];
Properties
Chemical formula	BaCl2
Molar mass	208.23 g/mol (anhydrous); 244.26 g/mol (dihydrate)
Appearance	White powder, or colourless or white crystals (anhydrous); Colourless rhomboidal crystals (dihydrate)
Odor	Odourless
Density	3.856 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 3.0979 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point	962 °C (1,764 °F; 1,235 K) (960 °C, dihydrate)
Boiling point	1,560 °C (2,840 °F; 1,830 K)
Solubility in water	31.2 g/(100 mL) (0 °C); 35.8 g/(100 mL) (20 °C); 59.4 g/(100 mL) (100 °C);
Solubility	Soluble in methanol, insoluble ethyl acetate, slightly soluble in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, very slightly soluble in ethanol. The dihydrate of barium chloride is soluble in methanol, almost insoluble in ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−72.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	PbCl2-type orthorhombic (anhydrous); monoclinic (dihydrate)
Coordination geometry	Of the Ba2+ cations:; 8 (the fluorite polymorph); 9 (the cotunnite polymorph); 10 (the post-cotunnite polymorph at pressures of 7–10 GPa);
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	123.9 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−858.56 kJ/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Highly toxic, corrosive
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H301, H302, H332
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P270, P271, P301+P310, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P321, P330, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	78 mg/kg (rat, oral); 50 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral)
LDLo (lowest published)	112 mg/kg (as Ba) (rabbit, oral); 59 mg/kg (as Ba) (dog, oral); 46 mg/kg (as Ba) (mouse, oral)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.5 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.5 mg/m3
IDLH (Immediate danger)	50 mg/m3
Safety data sheet (SDS)	NIH BaCl
Related compounds
Other anions	Barium fluoride; Barium bromide; Barium iodide;
Other cations	Beryllium chloride; Magnesium chloride; Calcium chloride; Strontium chloride; Radium chloride; Lead chloride;
Supplementary data page
	Barium chloride (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Barium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula Ba Cl₂. It is one of the most common water-soluble salts of barium. Like most other water-soluble barium salts, it is a white powder, highly toxic, and imparts a yellow-green coloration to a flame. It is also hygroscopic, converting to the dihydrate BaCl₂·2H₂O, which are colourless crystals with a bitter salty taste. It has limited use in the laboratory and industry.

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