BST1

BST1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1ISF, 1ISG, 1ISH, 1ISI, 1ISJ, 1ISM
Identifiers
Aliases	BST1, CD157, bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1
External IDs	OMIM: 600387 MGI: 105370 HomoloGene: 3198 GeneCards: BST1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	15,738,313 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	44,001,328 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	monocyte; ; bone marrow; ; blood; ; bone marrow cells; ; duodenum; ; gallbladder; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; spongy bone; ; jejunal mucosa; ; right coronary artery;
	Top expressed in
	jejunum; ; duodenum; ; ileum; ; yolk sac; ; intestinal villus; ; blood; ; right lung lobe; ; spleen; ; atrioventricular valve; ; belly cord;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activity; transferase activity; hydrolase activity; NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating; ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity; cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase; NAD+ nucleosidase activity; phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity;
Cellular component	anchored component of membrane; extracellular exosome; membrane; uropod; extracellular region; integrin complex; extrinsic component of membrane; specific granule membrane; plasma membrane;
Biological process	regulation of cell-matrix adhesion; regulation of cellular extravasation; C-terminal protein lipidation; humoral immune response; signal transduction; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; NAD metabolic process; regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization; neutrophil degranulation; regulation of inflammatory response; regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; regulation of calcium-mediated signaling; regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; regulation of superoxide metabolic process; regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of B cell proliferation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	683
	12182
	ENSG00000109743
	ENSMUSG00000029082
	Q10588
	Q64277
	NM_004334
	NM_009763
	NP_004325
	NP_033893
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Bst1 (Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1, ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, CD157) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BST1 gene. CD157 is a paralog of CD38, both of which are located on chromosome 4 (4p15) in humans.

Bst1 is a stromal cell line-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule that facilitates pre-B-cell growth. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 33% similarity with CD38. BST1 expression is enhanced in bone marrow stromal cell lines derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The polyclonal B-cell abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis may be, at least in part, attributed to BST1 overexpression in the stromal cell population.

CD157 and CD38 are both members of the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family of enzymes that catalyze the formation of nicotinamide and adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) or cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) from NAD+, although CD157 is a much weaker catalyst than CD38. cADPR is required for regulation of Ca2²⁺ in cells. Only CD38 hydrolyzed cADPR to ADPR. CD38 is widely expressed in tissues, whereas CD157 is primarily found in gut and lymphoid tissue.

CD157 has an important role in controlling the migration of leukocytes, the adhesion of leukocytes to blood vessel walls, and the passage of leukocytes through blood vessel walls.

CD157 contributes to macrophage killing of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria responsible for tuberculosis.

CD157 is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia, and is being evaluated as a diagnostic sign, as a treatment target, and as a means of monitoring treatment progress.

BST1 and BST2 genes are unregulated by the Nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism pathway.

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