Self-driving car

A self-driving car, also known as an autonomous car (AC), driverless car, or robotic car (robo-car), is a car that is capable of driving without human input. Self-driving cars are responsible for all driving activities including perceiving the environment, monitoring important systems, and controlling the vehicle, including navigating from origin to destination.

This article is about the road vehicle type. For the general concept, see Vehicular automation. For wider applications, see Unmanned ground vehicle.

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ACs have the potential to impact the automotive industry, mobility costs, health, welfare, urban planning, traffic, insurance, labor market, and other domains. Appropriate regulations are necessary to integrate ACs into the existing driving environment.

Multiple vendors are pursuing autonomy, although as of early 2024, no system had achieved full autonomy. Waymo was the first to offer rides in self-driving taxis ("robotaxis") to the general public. It offers services in various US cities. Cruise offered taxi service in San Francisco, but suspended service in 2023. Honda was the first manufacturer to sell an SAE Level 3 car, followed by Mercedes-Benz, BMW Group and Kia. Nuro offers autonomous commercial delivery service in California. Palo Alto, California certified Nuro at Level 4. DeepRoute.ai launched a robotaxi service in Shenzhen in 2021.

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