Austin 12
The Austin Twelve is a motor car introduced by Austin in 1921. It was the second of Herbert Austin's post World War I models and was in many ways a scaled-down version of his Austin Twenty, introduced in 1919. The slower than expected sales of the Twenty brought about this divergence from his intended one-model policy. The Twelve was announced at the beginning of November 1921 after Austin's company had been in receivership for six months. The number twelve refers to its fiscal horse power (12.8) rather than its brake horsepower (bhp) which was 20 and later 27. The long-stroke engines encouraged by the tax regime, 72 x 102 later 72 x 114.5, had much greater low-speed torque than the bhp rating suggests.
| Austin Twelve 1660 cc & 1861 cc | |
|---|---|
Twelve (wide track) with fabric saloon body c. 1928 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Austin |
| Production | 1921–1939 88,000 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | catalogued: tourer, saloon, sports coupé, Harley all-weather tourer, fabric saloon special chassis for various—hire car, taxi, London taxi, van and other commercials |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1660 or 1861 cc Straight-4 |
| Transmission | single-plate clutch, 4-speed centrally controlled gearbox, linked by disc coupling to the open propellor shaft, by metal universal joint to a helical bevel-driven live rear axle. The clutch housing is cast in one with the gearbox. |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 9' 4", 112 in (2,800 mm) Track 4' 4", 52 in (1,300 mm) 4' 8", 56 in (1,400 mm) |
| Length | 13' 6", 162 in (4,100 mm) |
| Width | 5' 3", 63 in (1,600 mm) |
| Kerb weight | Chassis 16¼ cwt, 1,820 lb (830 kg) tourer 22 cwt, 2,464 lb (1,118 kg) saloon 24 cwt, 2,688 lb (1,219 kg) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Austin Ten-Twelve |
| Successor | Austin 12/4 |
| Austin Twelve engine 1660 | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Austin |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Straight 4-cylinder |
| Displacement | 1,660 cc (101 cu in) |
| Cylinder bore | 72 mm (2.8 in) |
| Piston stroke | 102 mm (4.0 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Cast iron, alloy crankcase. The inlet manifold is cast in one with the cylinder head |
| Cylinder head material | Detachable, pistons are aluminium |
| Valvetrain | Side-by-side valves, tappet covers may be easily removed, timing is driven by chain |
| Combustion | |
| Fuel system | Single carburettor supplied by a vacuum tank which draws from a reservoir beneath the driver's seat, ignition by magneto driven by chain placed behind the timing, dynamo driven by same chain |
| Management | Back seat |
| Fuel type | Petrol |
| Oil system | lubrication by forced feed, filler on the offside |
| Cooling system | Radiator, fan, cooling water is circulated by a pump forward of the timing on the nearside |
| Output | |
| Power output | 20 bhp (15 kW; 20 PS) @2,000 rpm Tax horsepower 12.8 |
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Austin Twelve 1861 cc |
| Austin Twelve engine 1861 | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Austin |
| Production | Unknown |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Straight 4-cylinder |
| Displacement | 1,861 cc (114 cu in) |
| Cylinder bore | 72 mm (2.8 in) |
| Piston stroke | 114.5 mm (4.51 in) |
| Output | |
| Power output | 27 bhp (20 kW; 27 PS) @2,000 rpm Tax horsepower 12.8 |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Austin Twelve 1660 cc |
| Successor | Austin Twelve 1535 cc, 1946 |
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