Arsine

Arsine (IUPAC name: arsane) is an inorganic compound with the formula AsH3. This flammable, pyrophoric, and highly toxic pnictogen hydride gas is one of the simplest compounds of arsenic. Despite its lethality, it finds some applications in the semiconductor industry and for the synthesis of organoarsenic compounds. The term arsine is commonly used to describe a class of organoarsenic compounds of the formula AsH3−xRx, where R = aryl or alkyl. For example, As(C6H5)3, called triphenylarsine, is referred to as "an arsine".

Not to be confused with arcsine or ursine.
Arsine
  Arsenic, As
  Hydrogen, H
Names
IUPAC names
Arsenic trihydride
Arsane
Trihydridoarsenic
Other names
Arseniuretted hydrogen,
Arsenous hydride,
Hydrogen arsenide
Arsenic hydride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.151
EC Number
  • 232-066-3
599
KEGG
RTECS number
  • CG6475000
UNII
UN number 2188
  • InChI=1S/AsH3/h1H3 Y
    Key: RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/AsH3/h1H3
    Key: RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYAH
  • [AsH3]
Properties
AsH3
Molar mass 77.9454 g/mol
Appearance Colourless gas
Odor Faint, garlic-like
Density 4.93 g/L, gas; 1.640 g/mL (−64 °C)
Melting point −111.2 °C (−168.2 °F; 162.0 K)
Boiling point −62.5 °C (−80.5 °F; 210.7 K)
0.2 g/100 mL (20 °C)
0.07 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility soluble in chloroform, benzene
Vapor pressure 14.9 atm
Conjugate acid Arsonium
Structure
Trigonal pyramidal
0.20 D
Thermochemistry
223 J⋅K−1⋅mol−1
+66.4 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Extremely toxic, explosive, flammable, potential occupational carcinogen
GHS labelling:
Danger
H220, H330, H373, H410
P210, P260, P271, P273, P284, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P377, P381, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
4
4
2
Flash point −62 °C (−80 °F; 211 K)
Explosive limits 5.1–78%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2.5 mg/kg (intravenous)
  • 120 ppm (rat, 10 min)
  • 77 ppm (mouse, 10 min)
  • 201 ppm (rabbit, 10 min)
  • 108 ppm (dog, 10 min)
  • 250 ppm (human, 30 min)
  • 300 ppm (human, 5 min)
  • 25 ppm (human, 30 min)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)
 C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 3 ppm
Related compounds
Related hydrides
 Ammonia; phosphine; stibine; bismuthine
Supplementary data page
Arsine (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references
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