Apulum (castra)
Apulum was a legionary fortress in the Roman province of Dacia from the 2nd to 4th centuries AD, located in today's Alba Iulia, Romania.
| Apulum | |
|---|---|
Porta Principalis Dextra | |
Location within Romania | |
| Alternative name(s) | Apula, Apulon |
| Known also as | Castra of Alba Iulia |
| Founded during the reign of | Trajan |
| Founded | 107 – 108 |
| Abandoned | 4th century AD |
| Attested by | Tabula Peutingeriana |
| Place in the Roman world | |
| Province | Dacia |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Apulensis |
| Administrative unit | Dacia Superior |
| Directly connected to | |
| Structure | |
| — Stone structure — | |
| Size and area | 440 m × 430 m (18.9 ha) |
| Stationed military units | |
| — Legions — | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 46.0679°N 23.5727°E |
| Altitude | 245 m |
| Town | Alba Iulia |
| County | Alba |
| Country | Romania |
| Reference | |
| RO-LMI | AB-I-m-A-00001.01 |
| RO-RAN | 1026.01 |
| Site notes | |
| Recognition | National Historical Monument |
| Condition | Ruined |
It is the largest castrum in Romania, occupying 37.5 hectares (93 acres) (750 x 500 m). It was the base of the legion Legio XIII Gemina transferred there by Trajan to the newly conquered province of Dacia at the end of the war in 106. In the era of Hadrian (117-138 AD) and of Antoninus Pius (138-161 AD) it was rebuilt in stone.
The city of Apulum grew up around the fortress, eventually becoming the capital of Roman Dacia.
The legion was relocated in 271 to Dacia Aureliana when the northern Dacia province was evacuated
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