Anorectal manometry
Anorectal manometry (ARM) is a medical test used to measure pressures in the anus and rectum and to assess their function. The test is performed by inserting a catheter, that contains a probe embedded with pressure sensors, through the anus and into the rectum. Patients may be asked to perform certain maneuvers, such as coughing or attempting to defecate, to assess for pressure changes. Anorectal manometry is a safe and low risk procedure.
| Anorectal manometry | |
|---|---|
Diagram of the anorectum. This is the location where the probe is inserted and where pressures are measured. | |
| OPS-301 code | 1-315 |
From 2014 to 2018, the international anorectal physiology working group (IAPWG) meet several times to develop consensus on indications for anorectal manometry. Their assessment concluded that anorectal manometry was indicated when used in assessment of fecal incontinence, constipation, evacuation disorders (including Hirschsprung's disease), functional anorectal pain and in the assessment of anorectal function preoperatively or after a traumatic obstetric injury. In addition to the indications outlined by the IAPWG, anorectal manometry has been used as a component of anorectal biofeedback.
Since its introduction in 2007, high resolution anorectal manometry (HR-ARM) has increasingly replaced conventional anorectal manometry as the standard. There has been increasing usage of high-definition (3D) anorectal manometry (HD-ARM) as well. Current advances in anorectal manometry include the development of bedside portable technology.