Ammonium

The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NH+4 or [NH4]+. It is formed by the protonation of ammonia (NH3). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged (protonated) substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations ([NR4]+), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic or other groups (indicated by R).

This article is about the ammonium ion. For its neutral conjugate base, see ammonia.
This article is about the molecular ion. For the ancient city, see Siwa Oasis.
Ammonium
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium ion
Systematic IUPAC name
Azanium
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
MeSH D000644
UNII
  • InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/p+1
    Key: QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O
  • InChI=1/H3N/h1H3/p+1
    Key: QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-IKLDFBCSAZ
  • [NH4+]
Properties
[NH4]+
Molar mass 18.039 g·mol−1
Acidity (pKa) 9.25
Conjugate base Ammonia
Structure
Tetrahedral
Related compounds
Other cations
Related compounds
 Ammonium radical •NH4
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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