Acetamide
Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2. It is derived from acetic acid. It finds some use as a plasticizer and as an industrial solvent. The related compound N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) is more widely used, but it is not prepared from acetamide. Acetamide can be considered an intermediate between acetone, which has two methyl (CH3) groups either side of the carbonyl (CO), and urea which has two amide (NH2) groups in those locations. Acetamide is also a naturally occurring mineral with the IMA symbol: Ace.
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Acetamide | |||
| Systematic IUPAC name
Ethanamide | |||
| Other names
Acetic acid amide Acetylamine | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| DrugBank | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.430 | ||
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| C2H5NO | |||
| Molar mass | 59.068 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | colorless, hygroscopic solid | ||
| Odor | odorless mouse-like with impurities | ||
| Density | 1.159 g cm−3 | ||
| Melting point | 79 to 81 °C (174 to 178 °F; 352 to 354 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 221.2 °C (430.2 °F; 494.3 K) (decomposes) | ||
| 2000 g L−1 | |||
| Solubility | ethanol 500 g L−1 pyridine 166.67 g L−1 soluble in chloroform, glycerol, benzene | ||
| log P | −1.26 | ||
| Vapor pressure | 1.3 Pa | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | 15.1 (25 °C, H2O) | ||
| −0.577 × 10−6 cm3 g−1 | |||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.4274 | ||
| Viscosity | 2.052 cP (91 °C) | ||
| Structure | |||
| trigonal | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
91.3 J·mol−1·K−1 | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
115.0 J·mol−1·K−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−317.0 kJ·mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Warning | |||
| H351 | |||
| P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, P501 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | 126 °C (259 °F; 399 K) | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
7000 mg kg−1 (rat, oral) | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
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