ALDH2

ALDH2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4KWG, 1CW3, 1NZW, 1NZX, 1NZZ, 1O00, 1O01, 1O02, 1O04, 1O05, 1ZUM, 2ONM, 2ONN, 2ONO, 2ONP, 2VLE, 3INJ, 3INL, 3N80, 3N81, 3N82, 3N83, 3SZ9, 4FQF, 4FR8, 4KWF
Identifiers
Aliases	ALDH2, ALDH-E2, ALDHI, ALDM, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial), aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member
External IDs	OMIM: 100650 MGI: 99600 HomoloGene: 55480 GeneCards: ALDH2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	111,817,532 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	121,731,887 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right lobe of liver; ; lower lobe of lung; ; external globus pallidus; ; parotid gland; ; Region I of hippocampus proper; ; internal globus pallidus; ; putamen; ; gastric mucosa; ; caudate nucleus; ; middle frontal gyrus;
	Top expressed in
	left lobe of liver; ; olfactory epithelium; ; left colon; ; left lung; ; gallbladder; ; right lung; ; right lung lobe; ; left lung lobe; ; ascending aorta; ; white adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	electron transfer activity; oxidoreductase activity; aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+ activity]; aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity; NAD binding; oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (non-phosphorylating) activity;
Cellular component	extracellular exosome; mitochondrion; mitochondrial matrix;
Biological process	ethanol catabolic process; metabolism; alcohol metabolic process; ethanol oxidation; carbohydrate metabolic process; electron transport chain;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	217
	11669
	ENSG00000111275
	ENSMUSG00000029455
	P05091
	P47738
	NM_001204889; NM_000690
	NM_009656; NM_001308450
	NP_000681; NP_001191818
	NP_001295379; NP_033786
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH2 gene located on chromosome 12. ALDH2 belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of enzymes. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. ALDH2 has a low K_m for acetaldehyde, and is localized in mitochondrial matrix. The other liver isozyme, ALDH1, localizes to the cytosol.

Most White people have both major isozymes, while approximately 50% of East Asians have the cytosolic isozyme but not a functional mitochondrial isozyme. A remarkably higher frequency of acute alcohol intoxication among East Asians than among Whites could be related to this absence of a catalytically active form of ALDH2. The increased exposure to acetaldehyde in individuals with the catalytically inactive form may also confer greater susceptibility to many types of cancer.

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