Coxsackie virus
==Background== [1]
- Spread via the fecal-oral route
- Most common in the summer and fall
Background
- Spread via the fecal-oral route[2]
- Most common in the summer and fall
- Coxsackie A virus associated with herpangina and hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Coxsackie B virus associated with dilated cardiomyopathy
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus
- Infectious Mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Vesiculobullous rashes
Febrile
- Diffuse distribution
- Localized distribution
Afebrile
- Diffuse distribution
- Bullous pemphigoid
- Drug-Induced bullous disorders
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- Phytophotodermatitis
- Erythema multiforme major
- Bullous impetigo
- Localized distribution
- Contact dermatitis
- Herpes zoster
- Dyshidrotic eczema
- Burn
- Dermatitis herpetiformis
- Erythema multiforme minor
- Poison Oak, Ivy, Sumac dermatitis
- Bullosis diabeticorum
- Bullous impetigo
- Folliculitis
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis, based on history and physical examination
- If unsure, see Pediatric Fever
Management
- No specific therapy for most; self-limited
- NSAIDS and cool liquids for pain
- Encourage good hand hygiene to prevent spread
- Some recommend Magic Mouthwash/oral lidocaine if not tolerating PO intake, although evidence suggests no better than placebo[3]
In infants, do NOT use oral lidocaine due to risk of lidocaine toxicity and FDA black box warning[4][5]
Disposition
- Discharge with close outpatient followup to ensure adequate PO intake.
See Also
- Pediatric fever
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Herpangina
- Enteroviral Infections
- Pediatric Rashes
References
- Sobolewski B, Mittiga MR, Gonzalez del Rey JA. Pediatric conditions. In: Knoop KJ, Stack LB, Storrow AB, Thurman RJ, eds. The Atlas of Emergency Medicine. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2016:(Ch) 14.
- Sobolewski B, Mittiga MR, Gonzalez del Rey JA. Pediatric conditions. In: Knoop KJ, Stack LB, Storrow AB, Thurman RJ, eds. The Atlas of Emergency Medicine. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2016:(Ch) 14.
- Hopper S. et al. Topical lidocaine to improve oral intake in children with painful infectious mouth ulcers: a blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2014 Mar;63(3):292-9
- FDA recommends not using lidocaine to treat teething pain. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm402240.htm
- Curtis LA, Dolan TS, Seibert HE. Are one or two dangerous? Lidocaine and topical anesthetic exposures in children. J Emerg Med 2009;37:32-39
This article is issued from Wikem. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.