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Questions tagged [always-encrypted]

Always Encrypted is a feature of Microsoft SQL Server 2016+ and Azure SQL Database, designed to protect sensitive data. It allows client applications to encrypt sensitive data without revealing the encryption keys to the database engine, so the data cannot be accessed either in flight on the wire or at rest on SQL Server.

Always Encrypted is a feature of Microsoft SQL Server 2016 and Azure SQL Database, designed to protect sensitive data. It allows client applications to encrypt sensitive data without revealing the encryption keys to the database engine, so the data cannot be accessed either in flight or at rest.

See MSDN for more details.

Encryption Keys

This is mainly focused on 2 Keys

  1. Column Master Key (CMK)
  2. Column Encryption Key (CEK)

CMK

Creates a column master key metadata object in a database. A column master key metadata entry that represents a key, stored in an external key store, which is used to protect (encrypt) column encryption keys when using the Always Encrypted (Database Engine) feature. Multiple column master keys allow for key rotation; periodically changing the key to enhance security. You can create a column master key in a key store and its corresponding metadata object in the database by using the Object Explorer in SQL Server Management Studio or PowerShell.

Read more here

CEK

Creates a column encryption key with the initial set of values, encrypted with the specified column master keys. This is a metadata operation. A CEK can have up to two values which allows for a column master key rotation. Creating a CEK is required before any column in the database can be encrypted using the Always Encrypted (Database Engine) feature. CEK's can also be created by using SQL Server Management Studio

Before creating a CEK, you must define a CMK by using Management Studio or the CREATE COLUMN MASTER KEY statement.

Read more here

Types of Encryption

  1. Deterministic Encryption
  2. Randomized Encryption

Deterministic Encryption

Deterministic encryption always generates the same encrypted value for any given plaintext value. Using deterministic encryption allows point lookups, equality joins, grouping and indexing on encrypted columns. However, but may also allow unauthorized users to guess information about encrypted values by examining patterns in the encrypted column, especially if there is a small set of possible encrypted values, such as True/False, or North/South/East/West region. Deterministic encryption must use a column collation with a binary2 sort order for character column

Randomized Encryption

Randomized encryption uses a method that encrypts data in a less predictable manner. Randomized encryption is more secure, but prevents searching, grouping, indexing, and joining on encrypted columns.

Read more here

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Insert into table via stored procedure from client application using always encrypted AzureKey vault

I'm created a client application that do all the encrypt and decrypt values using Always Encryption. I've used Azure Key vault to store my Keys. I've followed this. It worked for me fine with the hardcoded query (INSERT INTO ....) But when I tried…
Jayendran
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Always Encrypted - create certificate error windows server 2012

when i try to create certificate, column master key and column encryption key using the below PS script its works fine in windows 10 Import-Module "SqlServer" $serverName = "XXX" $databaseName ="XX" $connStr = "Server = " + $serverName + ";…
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Is Always Encrypted method Encrypts data's the before moving(inserting into) Azure Database

I'm Just figuring is there any way to Encrypt the data before transmitting into the Azure SQL. Actually I've developed a Azure Web App. I've have a requirement to encrypt the data's into Azure SQL DB in the App Server itself. I can find some…
Jayendran
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Permission Level for Accessing the Always Encrypted (azure Key Vault)

I'm try to create a Column Encryption in Azure(via Always Encrypted Wizard).I have one big doubt in these Scenario. There are several other ways to store the CMK like Windows Store,Azure Key Vault. In Windows Store there are two options…
Jayendran
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Update/Insert rows in SQL table with encrypted columns using LinqToSQL - Always Encrypt

I am trying to get a hands-on on Always Encrypt feature of SQL Server 2016. I am using an existing application and database to do this. I have a table [User], where i have encrypted the 'Password' column with 'Deterministic' type. I have made the…
AnkitMittal
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Export always encrypted data from Azure SQL

Here are the environment details: I've one Azure SQL Databases V12 and another local DB SQL Server 2016. I've enabled Always Encrypted on a table in the first DB - DB1. The same table structure is also created and i need to migrate the encrypted…
Tania
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Always encrypted SQL Azure using Keyvault - Export CMK certificate

I am encrypting my SQL azure database using Always encrypted with KeyVault. What I see in Keyvault is, CMK is created in Keys section. Is it possible to construct a certificate from this? or where can I find this certificate of CMK?
Pavan
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How to insert NULL/empty string in encrypted column - Always Encrypted

I have encrypted existing data using the SQL Server 2016 always encrypt method, one of column we have is NULLABLE but while insert from screen its not accepting either NULL or empty String. how to make it work if encrypted column is not mandatory…
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Insert data using powershell

We have a static sql file which consists of insert statements;basically test data. is it possible to execute this script using powershell on azure sql db where alwaysencrypted is enabled. We use keyvault to store the certs.
ashwin
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asp.net core mvc connection string

I'm using "always encrypted" on my azure sqlserver database, I'm using SqlParameter, .Net Framework 4.6 but when I use this connection string: Data Source=name.database.windows.net; Initial Catalog=My_Project; Persist Security…
Bicks365
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Always Encrypted How is Column Encryption Key cached?

Does anyone know how the plain text CEK is cached in the memory? Is it stored as a SecureString? Can the key be stolen using a memory dump?
ozstudent
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Always Encrypted column - LINQ query Equals not working

I have encrypted SSN column using Always Encrypted feature in SQL server 2016. When I try to get the encrypted column in LINQ I always get error. I tried equals and contains but got the same error. Query = Query.Where(t => t.SSN == InputSSN); The…
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Update encrypted column in SQL Server 2016

I have two encrypted columns in SQL Server 2016 and I would like to update the values of these 2 columns. I read on the Microsoft Always Encrypted page that to be able to update an encrypted colum, it "requires at least SQL Server Management Studio…
Dongminator
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SQL Server 2016 Security Features

Always Encrypted and Dynamic data masking are two important security features available in SQL Server 2016. Can both of these features co-exist on single database table. If yes, what should be the order? Shall we perform masking on encrypted columns…
user2016941
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CEK key is not available and migrations won’t apply after delete the local database created the previously when I was run my application

I implemented the Always Encrypted Concept with entity framework in my application through this below link. https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/sqlsecurity/2015/08/27/using-always-encrypted-with-entity-framework-6/ This is the Up () migration method in…
Pradeep
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