How do I solve this error?
TypeError: NumPy boolean subtract, the `-` operator, is not supported, use the bitwise_xor, the `^` operator, or the logical_xor function instead.
I have programmed an optimizing program that must minimize the cost of a wall design. The wall is based on 3 parameters, x, k and m. There are constraints to the sizes of x, k and m as shown. Another constraint is that z (or deflection) must be kept under 100mm. The equation for deflection changes based on a certain t (or time) at which the blast wall is experiencing the blast. If t is below a certain time value which is calculated dependent on, x, k and m the equation is as shown. If t is above the same certain time value, the equation for z changes.
Here is the programming... Please help many thanks :)
import numpy as np
from numpy import linspace
from math import cos
from math import sin
from scipy.optimize import minimize
#Function for minimising
def calcCost(c):
k = c[0]
m = c[1]
x = c[2]
Cost = (900 + 825*k**2 - 1725) + (10*m - 200) + ((2400*x**2)/4)
return Cost
#Objective function
def objective(c):
return calcCost(c)
#Defining Variables
def calck(c):
k = c[0]
k=k
k.resize(12,)
return k
def calcm(c):
m = c[1]
m=m
m.resize(12,)
return m
def calcx(c):
x = c[2]
x=x
x.resize(12,)
return x
def calcz(c):
k = c[0]
x = c[1]
m = c[2]
l = linspace(0,140,141)
for t in l:
if t <= ((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000):
deflection = ((((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/k)*(1-cos(t*((k/m)**0.5))) + (((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/k*((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000))*((sin(t*((k/m)**0.5))/((k/m)**0.5))-t))*1000
else:
deflection = ((((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/(k*((k/m)**0.5)*((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000)))*(sin(((k/m)**0.5)*t))-(sin(((k/m)**0.5)*(t-((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000))))-(((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/k)*cos(((k/m)**0.5)*t))*1000
deflection.resize(12,)
return deflection
#Constraint functions
def kconstraint1(c):
k = c[0]
return k-(1*10**6) >= 0
def kconstraint2(c):
k = c[0]
return k-(7*10**6) <= 0
def mconstraint1(c):
m = c[0]
return m-200 >= 0
def mconstraint2(c):
m = c[0]
return m-1200 <= 0
def xconstraint1(c):
x = c[0]
return x >= 0
def xconstraint2(c):
x = c[0]
return x <= 10
def zconstraint1(c):
k = c[0]
x = c[1]
m = c[2]
l = linspace(0,140,141)
for t in l:
if t <= ((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000):
deflection = ((((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/k)*(1-cos(t*((k/m)**0.5))) + (((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/k*((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000))*((sin(t*((k/m)**0.5))/((k/m)**0.5))-t))*1000
else:
deflection = ((((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/(k*((k/m)**0.5)*((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000)))*(sin(((k/m)**0.5)*t))-(sin(((k/m)**0.5)*(t-((20 - 0.12*x**2 + 4.2*x)/1000))))-(((1000+9*x**2-183*x)*1000)/k)*cos(((k/m)**0.5)*t))*1000
return deflection <= 99.99999999
b = (0.5,1)
be = (0.5,10)
bb = (0.1,2.0)
bnds = (b,be,bb,bb)
con1 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':kconstraint1})
con2 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':kconstraint2})
con3 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':mconstraint1})
con4 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':mconstraint2})
con5 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':xconstraint1})
con6 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':xconstraint2})
con7 = ({'type':'ineq','fun':zconstraint1})
cons = [con1,con2,con3,con4,con5,con6,con7]
xGUESS = 5
kGUESS = 3*10**6
mGUESS = 700
zGUESS = 90
x0 = np.array([xGUESS,kGUESS,mGUESS,zGUESS])
sol = minimize(objective,x0,method='SLSQP',bounds=bnds,constraints=cons,options={'disp':True})
xOpt = sol.x
CostOPT = sol.fun
kOPT = calck(xOpt)
xOPT = calcx(xOpt)
mOPT = calcm(xOpt)
zOPT = calcz(xOpt)
print(str(CostOPT))
print(str(calcx))
print(str(calcm))
print(str(calck))
print(str(calcz))