How do you combine two windows in python tkinter? Hangman Project

Question

Im currently working on a hangman project in python using Tkinter. My program is working but I wanted to create a start menu so when you click startbutton the actual game start. But when I click start button nothing is happening. I tried using lamba function but still nothing. What am I missing or doing wrong? Thank you for your time!

from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import *
import random



#Setting up the window



window = Tk()
window.title("Welcome to Hangman")
window.geometry("350x250+525+200")
lblspel = Label(window, text="Hangman", font=('Arial', '16', 'bold', 'italic'), justify='center', fg='Red'
                     ).pack(side=TOP, anchor=CENTER,pady=7)

Namnlbl = Label(window, text="Write the secret word: ", font=('Arial', '11', 'bold', 'italic'), justify='center'
                     ).pack(side=TOP,pady=5 , padx=20)
e = Entry(window, font=('Arial', 12), justify='center')
e.pack(side=TOP)
startaspelet = Button(window, text="Start the game", relief="solid", font=("arial", 12, "bold"), command=lambda: spelet).place(x=78, y=140)


def spelet():
  window2 = Tk()
  window2.title("Hangman")
  window2.resizable(0, 0)
  #Words
  word_list = ['FLAMBOYANT','AMBIGUOUS','AMBIVALENT','CHARISMA']

  def newGame():
    global the_word_withSpaces
    global numberOfGuesses
    numberOfGuesses=0

    the_word=random.choice(word_list)
    the_word_withSpaces=" ".join(the_word)
    lblWord.set(" ".join("_"*len(the_word)))

  def guess(letter):
    global numberOfGuesses
    if numberOfGuesses<11:
      txt=list(the_word_withSpaces)
      guessed=list(lblWord.get())
      if the_word_withSpaces.count(letter)>0:
        for c in range(len(txt)):
          if txt[c]==letter:
            guessed[c]=letter
          lblWord.set("".join(guessed))
          if lblWord.get()==the_word_withSpaces:
            messagebox.showinfo("Hangman","You guessed it!")
            newGame()

      else:
          numberOfGuesses+=1
          if numberOfGuesses==11:
            messagebox.showwarning("Hangman","Game over")


  lblWord=StringVar()
  Label(window, textvariable=lblWord, font=("Consolas 24 bold")).grid(row=0, column=3, columnspan=6, padx=10)

  btn1 = Button(window2, text="A",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("A"))
  btn1.grid(column=1, row=1)
  btn2 = Button(window2, text="B",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("B"))
  btn2.grid(column=2, row=1)
  btn3 = Button(window2, text="C",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("C"))
  btn3.grid(column=3, row=1)
  btn4 = Button(window2, text="D",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("D"))
  btn4.grid(column=4, row=1)
  btn5 = Button(window2, text="E",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("E"))
  btn5.grid(column=5, row=1)
  btn6 = Button(window2, text="F",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("F"))
  btn6.grid(column=6, row=1)
  btn7 = Button(window2, text="G",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("G"))
  btn7.grid(column=7, row=1)

  btn9 = Button(window2, text="H",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("H"))
  btn9.grid(column=1, row=2)
  btn10 = Button(window2, text="I",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("I"))
  btn10.grid(column=2, row=2)
  btn11 = Button(window2, text="J",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("J"))
  btn11.grid(column=3, row=2)
  btn12 = Button(window2, text="K",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("K"))
  btn12.grid(column=4, row=2)
  btn13 = Button(window2, text="L",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("L"))
  btn13.grid(column=5, row=2)
  btn14 = Button(window2, text="M",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("M"))
  btn14.grid(column=6, row=2)
  btn15 = Button(window2, text="N",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("N"))
  btn15.grid(column=7, row=2)


  btn16 = Button(window2, text="O",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("O"))
  btn16.grid(column=1, row=3)
  btn17 = Button(window2, text="P",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("P"))
  btn17.grid(column=2, row=3)
  btn18 = Button(window2, text="Q",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("Q"))
  btn18.grid(column=3, row=3)
  btn19 = Button(window2, text="R",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("R"))
  btn19.grid(column=4, row=3)
  btn20 = Button(window2, text="S",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("S"))
  btn20.grid(column=5, row=3)
  btn21 = Button(window2, text="T",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("T"))
  btn21.grid(column=6, row=3)
  btn22 = Button(window2, text="U",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("U"))
  btn22.grid(column=7, row=3)


  btn23 = Button(window2, text="V",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("V"))
  btn23.grid(column=1, row=4)
  btn24 = Button(window2, text="W",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("W"))
  btn24.grid(column=2, row=4)
  btn25 = Button(window2, text="X",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("X"))
  btn25.grid(column=3, row=4)
  btn26 = Button(window2, text="Y",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("Z"))
  btn26.grid(column=4, row=4)
  btn27 = Button(window2, text="Å",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("Å"))
  btn27.grid(column=5, row=4)
  btn28 = Button(window2, text="Ä",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("Ä"))
  btn28.grid(column=6, row=4)
  btn29 = Button(window2, text="Ö",bg="skyBlue", fg="Black",width=3,height=1,font=('Helvetica','20'), command= lambda : guess("Ö"))
  btn29.grid(column=7, row=4)

  Button(window, text="New\nGame", command=lambda:newGame(), font=("Helvetica 10 bold")).grid(row=3, column=8, sticky="NSWE")

  newGame()

window.mainloop()

You might want to take a look at how you can use for loops to replace all of those lines of `btn = Button(...)`. It will make your code easier to read and debug — TheLizzard, Mar 28 '21 at 17:16
Also change `lblWord=StringVar()` to `lblWord=StringVar(master=window2)` to avoid future problems — TheLizzard, Mar 28 '21 at 17:17
Also change `command=lambda: spelet` to `command=spelet` in your `startaspelet = Button(...)` line — TheLizzard, Mar 28 '21 at 17:20
@TheLizzard Hello thanks for the answer but it's still not working, when I take away lambda the program gives me red lines and doesnt even start — Erik Eckner, Mar 28 '21 at 17:46

score 0 · Accepted Answer · answered Mar 28 '21 at 17:46

Try this:

from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import *
import random

import string
from functools import partial


def newGame():
    global word_with_spaces
    global number_of_guesses
    number_of_guesses = 0

    the_word = random.choice(word_list)
    word_with_spaces = " ".join(the_word)
    lbl_word.set(" ".join("_"*len(the_word)))

def guess(letter):
    char_buttons[letter].config(state="disabled")
    global number_of_guesses
    if number_of_guesses < 11:
      txt = list(word_with_spaces)
      guessed = list(lbl_word.get())
      if word_with_spaces.count(letter) > 0:
        for c in range(len(txt)):
          if txt[c] == letter:
            guessed[c] = letter
          lbl_word.set("".join(guessed))
          if lbl_word.get() == word_with_spaces:
            messagebox.showinfo("Hangman", "You guessed it!")
            newGame()
      else:
          number_of_guesses += 1
          if number_of_guesses == 11:
            messagebox.showwarning("Hangman", "Game over")


def spelet():
    global window2, word_list, lbl_word, char_buttons
    window2 = Tk()
    window2.title("Hangman")
    window2.resizable(False, False)
    # Words
    word_list = ["FLAMBOYANT", "AMBIGUOUS", "AMBIVALENT", "CHARISMA"]


    lbl_word = StringVar(master=window2)
    label = Label(window2, textvariable=lbl_word, font=("Consolas 24 bold"))
    label.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=7, padx=10)

    all_characters = list(string.ascii_uppercase)
    all_characters.remove("Z") # I have no idea why you're missing "Z"
    all_characters.extend(("Å", "Ä", "Ö"))

    char_buttons = {}

    for i, char in enumerate(all_characters):
        command = partial(guess, char)
        button = Button(window2, text=char, bg="skyBlue", fg="Black", width=3,
                        height=1, font=("Helvetica", "20"), command=command)
        row = i//7 + 1
        column = i%7 + 1
        button.grid(row=row, column=column)

        char_buttons.update({char: button})

    button = Button(window2, text="New\nGame", command=newGame,
                  font=("Helvetica 10 bold"))
    button.grid(row=3, column=8, sticky="NSWE")

    newGame()


#Setting up the window
window = Tk()
window.title("Welcome to Hangman")
window.geometry("350x250+525+200")
# Create the "Hangman" label
lblspel = Label(window, text="Hangman", font=("Arial", "16", "bold", "italic"),
                fg="red")
lblspel.pack(side="top", anchor="center", pady=7)

# Create the entry label
Namnlbl = Label(window, text="Write the secret word: ",
                font=("Arial", "11", "bold", "italic"))
Namnlbl.pack(side="top", pady=5, padx=20)

# Create the actual entry
e = Entry(window, font=("Arial", 12), justify="center")
e.pack(side="top")

startaspelet = Button(window, text="Start the game", relief="solid",
                      font=("arial", 12, "bold"), command=spelet)
# Please don't mix geometry managers. If you want to use `.pack`, use `.pack`.
# Don't mix it with `.place`
startaspelet.place(x=78, y=140)
window.mainloop()

There where a few of things wrong with your code:

Why didn't you use a for loop for the button creation? Its much simpler. For the documentation for functools.partial is here
In python it's conventional to declare the functions first then run the code. Also please avoid defining functions inside other functions.
Avoid mixing geometry managers like .pack, .grid and .place in the same window/frame
You must always pass in a master parameter when you have StringVar/IntVar/... if you have more than 1 Tk()
In many cases you had var = <tkinter Widget>(...).pack(...) but when you do that the var would be None for more info read this
Most people use 4 spaces for indentation (you used 2) - mostly preference
It's also conventional use variable names like "foo_bar" instead of "fooBar" (but that's mostly preference)

Thank you for your time. It's working now and I will defenetely look over your suggestions for future coding. Have a great day! — Erik Eckner, Mar 28 '21 at 17:53

How do you combine two windows in python tkinter? Hangman Project

1 Answers1