One time custom cron schedule in laravel

Question

I want to run a cron just once at a custom date & time entered by the user in a form. What is the best way to do this?

I found that a custom cron can be scheduled in laravel like this

->cron(‘* * * * * *’);

Run the task on a custom Cron schedule.

But I could not find the time format what the * mean.

Or much simpler, can it be done like this by adding the date and time.

->at('28/04/2020 13:00');

How can this be done?

A lot of cron maker can help you: https://crontab.guru/. For example, * means all value. So '* * * * * *' will run every minutes. Other site : http://www.cronmaker.com — GrenierJ, Apr 08 '20 at 06:50
Minute hour day month day. Thats 5 values. Laravel specifies 6 * values in the cron — Saeesh Tendulkar, Apr 08 '20 at 06:52
The 6th element could be the day : https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E12058_01/doc/doc.1014/e12030/cron_expressions.htm — GrenierJ, Apr 08 '20 at 07:05
What if I want to fire it only once. Can I append ->once() to it? — Saeesh Tendulkar, Apr 08 '20 at 07:07

score 4 · Answer 1 · answered Apr 08 '20 at 07:17

4

you can easily do that with when() method

    $schedule->command('command')->when(function (){
        return Carbon::create(2020,4,28,13)->isPast();
    });

answered Apr 08 '20 at 07:17

the_hasanov

782
7
15

Can I use the when() method to append after call() or is it used specifically only for commands? – Saeesh Tendulkar Apr 08 '20 at 07:22
also can use with call() method – the_hasanov Apr 08 '20 at 07:22

score 4 · Answer 2 · answered Jan 10 '21 at 21:37

@the_hasanov answer is the closest one but it's not complete:

Using his method will run the closure every minute after the date you want!

There is -at least- two methods to avoid this.

1. Using a "already_runned" status

The first one is to store the "already run" status of the schedule somewhere: database or file and use this kind of schedule:

// Using a scheduled closure here to be explicit
// Setting is a generic model to store configuration data.
//   it could be replaced by Redis or other key/value storage
$schedule->call(function() {
    // Run here the wanted logic
    Setting::create(['name' => 'cron_already_runned', 'value' => true]); // Store the already_runned status
})->when(function (){
    $already_runned = Setting::firstWhere('name', 'cron_already_runned');

    return
        optional($already_runned)->value
        &&
        Carbon::create(2020,4,28,13)->isPast();
});

2. Using two "time-condition" which could be true only once

The second one is to use a double "time-condition" which could be true only once:

$schedule->command('command')->when(function (){
    return
        Carbon::create(2021,4,28,13)->isPast()
        &&
        Carbon::create(2021,4,28,14)->isFuture();
});

Using this method is not 100% safe as it could fail if the server is down when the conditions are met

Parth Goswami · Answer 3 · 2020-04-08T07:35:44.263

Laravel documentation has in detail description on that in here Task Scheduling

You can add your scheduling logic in a given file

App\Console\Kernel

Currently, laravel have the kind of functionality that exactly match your requirement but it provide a ->monthlyOn(23, '13:00'); via which you can achieve your requirement, It Run the task every month on the 23th at 13:00

protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
    {
        $schedule->call(function () {

        })->->monthlyOn(23, '13:00');
    }

The above code runs the task every month on the 23th at 13:00 hours server time.

For your purpose you can change cron scheduling as given below

00 13 28 APR Fri *

1st * Minute
2nd * Hour
3rd * Day of the Month
4th * Month of the Year
5th * Day of the Week
6th * Year

I have seen dailyAt But the first word in my question is one time. Can you tell how to do that? — Saeesh Tendulkar, Apr 08 '20 at 07:16

One time custom cron schedule in laravel

3 Answers3

1. Using a "already_runned" status

2. Using two "time-condition" which could be true only once

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