This functionality was removed from Rails in version 5 with the following justification:
...In our experience applications do not generate APIs using doc:app...If a team absolutely needs to generate application documentation
for internal purposes, they can still easily write their own task...
The functionality can be easily restored by creating a file at /lib/tasks/documentation.rake with the following contents, taken from the last version of the official task:
# /lib/tasks/documentation.rake
require 'rdoc/task'
namespace :doc do
RDoc::Task.new("app") { |rdoc|
rdoc.rdoc_dir = 'doc/app'
rdoc.template = ENV['template'] if ENV['template']
rdoc.title = ENV['title'] || 'Rails Application Documentation'
rdoc.options << '--line-numbers'
rdoc.options << '--charset' << 'utf-8'
rdoc.rdoc_files.include('README.md')
rdoc.rdoc_files.include('app/**/*.rb')
rdoc.rdoc_files.include('lib/**/*.rb')
}
Rake::Task['doc:app'].comment = "Generate docs for the app -- also available doc:rails, doc:guides (options: TEMPLATE=/rdoc-template.rb, TITLE=\"Custom Title\")"
end
Although, at this point it almost seems easier to just run something like this, from the command line:
rdoc --main README.md --title 'My Fancy Title' README.md app/**/*.rb lib/**/*.rb