A: This is a task from a Metrology, rather than from a programming area
To get the job done, you need a fully-controlled-environment to re-run a defined-input/known-output experiment.
In principle,
your both all your devices and your setup, has to be controlled - i.e.
your MIC
-Input-accoustic/electric converter, while [dBa] -> [V] conversion is
"readable" down the cable path, it is not a principally important value per-se,
your CABLE
-wire-path, which shall not be either neglected or forgotten,
your SND
-Card-A/D converter,
your AUDIO
-pre-Calibration Sound-Sample,
your TEST
-pre-Calibration Environment
so as to be able to pre-Calibrate your devices for measurments.
The calibration itself can be achieved right by using the same AUDIO
Sound-Sample in the same TEST
Environment and be that measured / calibrated / by another device, that was certified at a locally recognised reference Authority to have a certain level of precision ( a guarantee that it's readings will not be outside a natl./intl. recognised precision class' envelope from correct/exact values ).
Note: you may want to pre-Calibrate your MIC+SND-A/D
setup inside your in-vitro controlled environment specifically across a wide range of frequencies, so as to avoid frequency-dependent variation of the measurement-conversion path. Thus your pre-Calibration would have sort of Calibration-curve as an input for your further tests to be performed in-vivo