The answer is YES! So you can still benefit from ASP.NET MVC features like authentication and authorization etc. and still use AngularJS on the client.
I actually had the same question and after a bit of research I discovered the following.
It's true we should embrace SPAs (single page apps) but at the same time we should not just discard mature server-side frameworks such ASP.NET MVC. You can simply have a hybrid web app or mini SPA as we also call them. These web applications use normal ASP.NET MVC routing to show views and then, once the view loads you can leave all the responsabilities to AngularJS. Miguel Castro uses the term SPA silos. Plus you can benefit from AngularJS' routing as well. Miguel Castro also explains how to use them both together to get the best of server and client side. I really suggest seeing his presentation (link below).
In that way you can still benefit from ASP.NET MVC great features like Authentication, Authorization and others but still have AngularJS run your views.
I got this answer on the following locations that you definitely should check out: