I have a build tool that runs a patch command and if the patch command returns non-zero, it will cause the build to fail. I am applying a patch that may or may not already be applied, so I use the -N
option to patch
, which skips as it should. However, when it does skip, patch
is returning non-zero. Is there a way to force it to return 0 even if it skips applying patches? I couldn't find any such capability from the man page.

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4 Answers
Accepted answer did not work for me because patch was returning 1 also on other types of errors (maybe different version or sth). So instead, in case of error I am checking output for "Skipping patch" message to ignore such but return error on other issues.
OUT="$(patch -p0 --forward < FILENAME)" || echo "${OUT}" | grep "Skipping patch" -q || (echo "$OUT" && false);

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I believe that the following recipe should do the trick, it is what I am using in the same situation;
patches: $(wildcard $(SOMEWHERE)/patches/*.patch)
for patch_file in $^; do \
patch --strip=2 --unified --backup --forward --directory=<somewhere> --input=$$patch_file; \
retCode=$$?; \
[[ $$retCode -gt 1 ]] && exit $$retCode; \
done; \
exit 0
This recipe loops over the dependencies (in my case the patch files) and calls patch for each one. The "trick" on which I am relying is that patch returns 1 if the patch has already been applied and other higher numbers for other errors (such as a non existent patch file). The DIAGNOSTICS section of the patch manual entry describes the return code situation. YMMV

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7This strikes me as a head-scratching deficiency in the CLI of `patch`. The reason I ran into this at all is because I have another tool than runs patch and uses its return code (0 vs. nonzero) to determine whether it succeeded or failed. Thank you for your answer, I will use this script instead of `patch` as the patch command. Still, it's just odd that they don't have a switch for this. – zjm555 Feb 27 '15 at 18:24
You can also do that as a one line only
patch -p0 --forward < patches/patch-babylonjs.diff || true
So if you want to apply the patch and make sure that's it's working:
(patch -p0 --forward < patches/patch-babylonjs.diff || true) && echo OK
No matter whether the patch has already been applied or not, you'll always get "OK" displayed here.

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4This will say still say `OK` if the patch hasn't already been applied and also fails to apply. – Tom Hale Dec 11 '18 at 07:20
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2But the first example works well. Exit code is 0, and if patch has already been applied it says "Reversed (or previously applied) patch detected! Skipping patch." – Lukasz Frankowski Jan 18 '19 at 16:59
Below is a script that iterates on the above idea from @fsw and handles removal of .rej files as necessary.
#! /bin/sh
set +x
set -euo pipefail
bn=$(basename "$0")
patch="$1"; shift
r=$(mktemp /tmp/"$bn".XXXX)
if ! out=$(patch -p1 -N -r "$r" < "$patch")
then
echo "$out" | grep -q "Reversed (or previously applied) patch detected! Skipping patch."
test -s "$r" # Make sure we have rejects.
else
test -f "$r" && ! test -s "$r" # Make sure we have no rejects.
fi
rm -f "$r"

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