Yes. You can use the XMLHttpRequest
object provided by Microsoft's XML SDK, as well as the UpdateListItems web service provided by SharePoint to update one or more items. Add a reference to "Microsoft XML, v6.0" in the Tools -> References menu in your Visual Basic Editor, and then use something like the code below.
Dim objXMLHTTP As MSXML2.XMLHTTP
Dim strListNameOrGuid As String
Dim strBatchXml As String
Dim strSoapBody As String
Set objXMLHTTP = New MSXML2.XMLHTTP
strListNameOrGuid = "My List Name or GUID"
' Delete item with internal ID of "1"
strBatchXml = "<Batch OnError='Continue'><Method ID='1' Cmd='Delete'><Field Name='ID'>1</Field></Method></Batch>"
objXMLHTTP.Open "POST", "http://myserver/mysite/_vti_bin/Lists.asmx", False
objXMLHTTP.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=""UTF-8"""
objXMLHTTP.setRequestHeader "SOAPAction", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/UpdateListItems"
strSoapBody = "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' " _
& "xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' " _
& "xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'><soap:Body><UpdateListItems " _
& "xmlns='http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/'><listName>" & strListNameOrGuid _
& "</listName><updates>" & strBatchXml & "</updates></UpdateListItems></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>"
objXMLHTTP.send strSoapBody
If objXMLHTTP.Status = 200 Then
' Do something with response
End If
Set objXMLHTTP = Nothing
You can read more about the syntax of the UpdateListItems
and how the batch XML should be structured by going here.