I found an answer.
Sometime over the summer, Google turned off the Nexus Q servers, so you can no longer authenticate the Nexus Q app, which is what is used to turn on debug mode.
There is an image that can be flashed to the device, in fastboot mode, that has adb (debug) mode enabled by default.
I followed these steps last night and it all worked flawlessly. Here is a link that has the steps and the links to the needed downloads.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2408799
To get debug mode enabled follow these steps: (the following comes from the post on the XDA Developers Forum)
To fastboot unlock your device / Credit and thanks to -> fiveipads
cmd to platform-tools
Reboot to the bootloader -> cover your Q with your hand -> power on nexus Q as
soon as you see red remove your hand -> (will go solid red and you are in
bootloader)
- Unlock your device* (with fastboot tool) (type) -> fastboot oem unlock
(immediately copy and paste this into tool and hit enter you have only 5 secs) ->
fastboot oem unlock_accept
4.Q will reboot and turn purple etc.
5.Unplug Q and restart in bootloader see #2. (type) -> fastboot getvar unlocked
(this verifies you unlocked your Q->should reply->unlocked:yes)IF NOT DO NOT
PROCEED TILL IT DOES.
Load a unsecure boot image with adb enabled / Credit and thanks to -> ObsidianX
1.Download -> http://forum.xda-developers.com/atta...2&d=1355508721
2.This is a modified boot.img from the factory Nexus Q images that enables adb
debugging on boot in root mode.->Test before you flash!
3.Put the file you download into you platform-tools folder(make sure no other
images have the same name in that folder)
4.Flash the image -> (type in fastboot) -> fastboot flash boot boot-root.img
(image will write should say ok and writing boot etc.)
5.Pull the power on your q and restart the Q