I have an octopress blog. I have content what I want only to show if I'm on the post page.
Is there some possibility like {% if post.page %}
Since your question is not entirely clear, I am assuming that you have a bunch of posts that you want to display on the post page and not on the index page. Here, I think you can display the titles of the posts on your landing page, so that when the user clicks on a particular link/post they can read the post in it's entirety in it's post page. To do that, you can modify your index.html thus :
---
layout: page
footer: false
sidebar: true
---
<div id="blog-archives">
{% for post in site.posts reverse %}
{% capture this_year %}{{ post.date | date: "%Y" }}{% endcapture %}
{% unless year == this_year %}
{% assign year = this_year %}
<h2>{{ year }}</h2>
{% endunless %}
<article>
{% include archive_post.html %}
</article>
{% endfor %}
</div>
<aside class="sidebar">
{% if site.blog_index_asides.size %}
{% include_array blog_index_asides %}
{% else %}
{% include_array default_asides %}
{% endif %}
</aside>