In devices below android 10 we can access any file like this:: File f = new File("storage/emulated/0/filename.txt");
But I want to do to same on android 10+ devices which are using something like scoped storage or mediastore class that I didn't understood in android studio I don't know exactly how to do it I want to access files any directories not only public directories like "Pictures" please help me
File f = new File("storage/emulated/0/file.jpg");
A modification of Yatik's solution separates out the specification of the required folder
private fun requestDocumentPermission() {
val externalStorageDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS)
val folder = File(externalStorageDir, "RaceManagement/Entrants")
val storageManager = application.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE) as StorageManager
val intent = storageManager.primaryStorageVolume.createOpenDocumentTreeIntent()
val targetDirectory = "Android%2F$folder" // user will be prompted for permission to access this directory
val uri = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
@Suppress("DEPRECATION") intent.getParcelableExtra<Uri>("android.provider.extra.INITIAL_URI") as Uri
else
intent.getParcelableExtra<Uri>("android.provider.extra.INITIAL_URI", Uri::class.java) as Uri
val uriString = uri.toString().replace("/root/", "/document/") + "%3A$targetDirectory"
intent.putExtra("android.provider.extra.INITIAL_URI", Uri.parse(uriString))
val activityResultLauncher = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()) { result ->
if (result.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
result.data?.data?.let { directoryUri ->
// make the permission persistent using takePersistableUriPermission()
val modeFlags = Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION or Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION
contentResolver.takePersistableUriPermission(directoryUri, modeFlags)
// save the persistent permission
val editor = getSharedPreferences(PREFERENCES_FILENAME, MODE_PRIVATE).edit()
editor.putString(KEY_NAME, directoryUri.toString())
editor.apply()
listFiles(directoryUri)
}
}
}
activityResultLauncher.launch(intent)
}
Note: No additional permissions are required in the manifest. There is also no requirement for provider or queries sections
While not the solution I eventually used some findings on my experience with MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
The permission was always denied even after requesting the required permission using requestPermissions(). Strangely the option to grant the permission was never presented (?)
To fix the issue involved manually granting the permission.
Navigate to the specific App permissions -> Files and Media Access -> three options, with "Allow access to media only" set.
Change this to "Allow management of all files" and app can list all files in the folder (even though checkSelfPermission continued to report access as denied?).
As noted Google restrictions mean the use of MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE is probably unsuitable for Apps intended to be listed on the Play store.
To get all the files of folder xyz (storage/emulated/0/xyz) below android 10:
File xyzFolder = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "xyz");
File[] allFiles = xyzFolder.listFiles();
But for android 10 and above either use declare MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE (not recommended if it's not some kind of file manager app) or you can use below method:
1). First take folder permission
uriMain = Uri.parse("content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/tree/primary%3AAndroid%2Fmedia/document/primary%3Axyz");
private final int REQUEST_CODE = 100;
List<Object> filesList = new ArrayList<>();
private void aboveQFolderPermission() {
try {
Intent createOpenDocumentTreeIntent = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
createOpenDocumentTreeIntent = ((StorageManager) getSystemService(STORAGE_SERVICE)).getPrimaryStorageVolume().createOpenDocumentTreeIntent();
}
assert createOpenDocumentTreeIntent != null;
String replace = createOpenDocumentTreeIntent.getParcelableExtra("android.provider.extra.INITIAL_URI").toString().replace("/root/", "/document/");
createOpenDocumentTreeIntent.putExtra("android.provider.extra.INITIAL_URI", Uri.parse(replace + "%3A" + "xyz"));
startActivityForResult(createOpenDocumentTreeIntent, REQUEST_CODE);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
}
Now in onActivityResult(),
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
if (data != null) {
getContentResolver().takePersistableUriPermission(data.getData(), Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
//save shared preference to check whether app specific folder permission granted or not
sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("tree", MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
editor.putString("treeUriString", String.valueOf(uriMain));
editor.apply();
new Thread(() -> {
getListAboveQ(uriMain);
handler. Post(() -> /*Some code here as per your need*/);
}).start();
}
}
}
2). Now get the List of files:
private void getListAboveQ(uriMain) {
ContentResolver contentResolver = getContext().getContentResolver();
Uri buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree = DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(uriMain, DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uriMain));
try (Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree, new String[]{"document_id"}, null, null, null)) {
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
filesList.add(DocumentsContract.buildDocumentUriUsingTree(uriMain, cursor.getString(0)));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Edit:- You can use saved preferences like:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("tree", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
String uriString = sharedPreferences.getString("treeUriString", "");
if (uriString.matches("")) {
//ask for folder permission
aboveQFolderPermission()
} else {
//Permission is already granted
//TODO: Whatever you want
}
}
You'll need to request MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission. With that permission, you can access shared storage files with the File API.
Reference:
https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage/manage-all-files#all-files-access
