Copy folder structure (without files) from one location to another

Question

I want to create a clone of the structure of our multi-terabyte file server. I know that cp --parents can move a file and it's parent structure, but is there any way to copy the directory structure intact?

I want to copy to a linux system and our file server is CIFS mounted there.

Answer 1

You could do something like:

find . -type d > dirs.txt

to create the list of directories, then

xargs mkdir -p < dirs.txt

to create the directories on the destination.

Answer 2

cd /path/to/directories &&
find . -type d -exec mkdir -p -- /path/to/backup/{} \;

Answer 3

Here is a simple solution using rsync:

rsync -av -f"+ */" -f"- *" "$source" "$target"

• one line
• no problems with spaces
• preserve permissions

I found this solution there

Answer 4

1 line solution:

find . -type d -exec mkdir -p /path/to/copy/directory/tree/{} \;

Answer 5

I dunno if you are looking for a solution on Linux. If so, you can try this:

$ mkdir destdir
$ cd sourcedir
$ find . -type d | cpio -pdvm destdir

Answer 6

This copy the directories and files attributes, but not the files data:

cp -R --attributes-only SOURCE DEST

Then you can delete the files attributes if you are not interested in them:

find DEST -type f -exec rm {} \;

Answer 7

This works:

find ./<SOURCE_DIR>/ -type d | sed 's/\.\/<SOURCE_DIR>//g' | xargs -I {} mkdir -p <DEST_DIR>"/{}"

Just replace SOURCE_DIR and DEST_DIR.

Answer 8

The following solution worked well for me in various environments:

sourceDir="some/directory"
targetDir="any/other/directory"

find "$sourceDir" -type d | sed -e "s?$sourceDir?$targetDir?" | xargs mkdir -p

Answer 9

This solves even the problem with whitespaces:

In the original/source dir:

find . -type d -exec echo "'{}'" \; > dirs2.txt

then recreate it in the newly created dir:

mkdir -p <../<SOURCEDIR>/dirs2.txt

Answer 10

Substitute target_dir and source_dir with the appropriate values:

cd target_dir && (cd source_dir; find . -type d ! -name .) | xargs -i mkdir -p "{}"

Tested on OSX+Ubuntu.

Answer 11

Another tool that can do this: mtree

It first appeared on bsd systems, there are ports for linux too. In Ubuntu it is in package 'mtree-netbsd' or 'freebsd-utils'.

# 1: cd to your source dir
cd my_source_dir

# 2: create a specfile. Place the spec outside of the sourcedir and destdir
mtree -c > /tmp/myspec.txt

# 3: cd to the destdir
cd my_dest_dir

# 4: now create only the dir structure from the specfile
# -u  is for creating only dirs, it does not follow links
mtree -f /tmp/myspec.txt -u

If you later deleted some dirs in the destdir call the command form step 4 again, dir-structure will be restored.

mtree can do a lot more. follow links, create/delete specific files/dirs, delete or not delete files that are in the destdir...

Answer 12

If you can get access from a Windows machine, you can use xcopy with /T and /E to copy just the folder structure (the /E includes empty folders)

http://ss64.com/nt/xcopy.html

[EDIT!]

This one uses rsync to recreate the directory structure but without the files. http://psung.blogspot.com/2008/05/copying-directory-trees-with-rsync.html

Might actually be better :)

Answer 13

A python script from Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy posted on Copy only folders not files?:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os,sys
dirs=[ r for r,s,f in os.walk(".") if r != "."]
for i in dirs:
    os.makedirs(os.path.join(sys.argv[1],i)) 

or from the shell:

python -c 'import os,sys;dirs=[ r for r,s,f in os.walk(".") if r != "."];[os.makedirs(os.path.join(sys.argv[1],i)) for i in dirs]' ~/new_destination

FYI:

• Copy top level folder structure without copying files in linux
• How do I copy a directory tree but not the files in Linux?

Answer 14

Another approach is use the tree which is pretty handy and navigating directory trees based on its strong options. There are options for directory only, exclude empty directories, exclude names with pattern, include only names with pattern, etc. Check out man tree

Advantage: you can edit or review the list, or if you do a lot of scripting and create a batch of empty directories frequently

Approach: create a list of directories using tree, use that list as an arguments input to mkdir

tree -dfi --noreport > some_dir_file.txt

-dfi lists only directories, prints full path for each name, makes tree not print the indentation lines,

--noreport Omits printing of the file and directory report at the end of the tree listing, just to make the output file not contain any fluff

Then go to the destination where you want the empty directories and execute

xargs mkdir < some_dir_file.txt

Answer 15

find source/ -type f  | rsync -a --exclude-from - source/ target/

Copy dir only with associated permission and ownership

Answer 16

Simple way:

for i in `find . -type d`; do mkdir /home/exemplo/$i; done

Answer 17

cd oldlocation
find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 -I{} mkdir -p newlocation/{}

You can also create top directories only:

cd oldlocation
find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -print0 | xargs -0 -I{} mkdir -p newlocation/{}

Answer 18

Here is a solution in php that:

• copies the directories (not recursively, only one level)
• preserves permissions
• unlike the rsync solution, is fast even with directories containing thousands of files as it does not even go into the folders
• has no problems with spaces
• should be easy to read and adjust

Create a file like syncDirs.php with this content:

<?php
foreach (new DirectoryIterator($argv[1]) as $f) {
    if($f->isDot() || !$f->isDir()) continue;
        mkdir($argv[2].'/'.$f->getFilename(), $f->getPerms());
        chown($argv[2].'/'.$f->getFilename(), $f->getOwner());
        chgrp($argv[2].'/'.$f->getFilename(), $f->getGroup());
}

Run it as user that has enough rights:

sudo php syncDirs.php /var/source /var/destination