A bend in the river symbolizes westward expansion. [See learning resources here.](https://smarthistory.org/seeing-america-2/the-oxbow-sa/) Thomas Cole, _View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm --The Oxbow_, 1836, oil on canvas, 51 1/2 x 76 inches / 130.8 x 193 cm (The Metropolitan Museum of Art) Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker and Dr. Beth Harris
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